Unlocking Melawi Malay Medicine Mantras: Sound Patterns and Ecological Symbolism of Oral Literature

Ikhza Mahendra Putra; Dedy Ari  Asfar; Agus  Syahrani

doi:10.31849/reila.v5i3.16017

Ikhza Mahendra Putra Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8288-1849
Dedy Ari Asfar Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3288-7684
Agus Syahrani Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3964-3030

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31849/reila.v5i3.16017

Keywords: Ecological symbolism, Mantra, Oral Literature, Sound Patterns, Stylistics

Abstract

The Melawi Malay community has a rich tradition of medicine using oral literature in the form of mantras, passed down through generations. These medicine mantras incorporate elements of beautiful sound and reflect the ecological, customary, and cultural values of the Malay people. This research aims to unveil the sound patterns and describe the symbolism of the triadic ecological elements, namely nature, nurture, and culture. To achieve this, purposive sampling was employed to select key informants, with Su Usnah, a traditional healer from Bina Karya, Melawi, being a crucial source. Through interviews and field notes, six relevant data sets were extracted from a pool of 15 available medicine mantras for analysis. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research utilized stylistic protocols to categorize the data according to existing sound patterns and employed ecocriticism guidelines to reveal the presence of ecological elements within the Melawi Malay medicine mantras. The primary findings of this research disclose the existence of four sound patterns in these mantras: assonance, alliteration, consonance, and rhyme. The ecocritical perspective reveals that each mantra contains ecological elements, including nature, such as flora and natural elements; nurture, reflecting the relationship between nature and society, and human connections; and culture, as manifested in customary practices. This study deepens our understanding of the sound patterns and ecological elements present in these mantras, with the hope that further research, through exploration of mantras in the Melawi Regency, can contribute to the continuous conservation and promotion of oral literature. Enriching the global understanding of mantras from linguistic, literary, and ecological perspectives is vital in practising traditional medicine in Melawi and other regions in West Kalimantan.

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Author Biographies

Ikhza Mahendra Putra, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia

Dr. Ikhza Mahendra Putra is a distinguished freelance content writer at the Language Center of West Kalimantan, specializing in Indonesian for non-native speakers. His academic and professional pursuits are centered on the preservation and promotion of West Kalimantan's local languages and literature. Through his content writing, Dr. Putra plays a pivotal role in bridging cultural gaps and facilitating cross-cultural understanding. His future aspirations include deepening his research in linguistic and literary studies, contributing significantly to the academic discourse on West Kalimantan's cultural and linguistic heritage.

Dedy Ari Asfar, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia

Dr. Dedy Ari Asfar is a distinguished researcher at the Center for Language, Literature, and Community Research at BRIN, renowned for his contributions to the study of linguistics and local literature in West Kalimantan. His research has significantly enhanced the understanding of the region's cultural and linguistic diversity. An accomplished author, Dr. Asfar has published several books that showcase his dedication to preserving and elucidating the heritage of West Kalimantan's literature and linguistics.

Additionally, Dr. Asfar serves as a lecturer at Tanjungpura University, where he integrates his research expertise with his commitment to education. His role as an educator underlines his dedication to nurturing young talents and his holistic approach to combining scholarly research with practical teaching. Dr. Asfar's work in both academia and research exemplifies a deep engagement with the linguistic and cultural fabric of West Kalimantan.

Agus Syahrani, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia

Dr. Agus Syahrani is a prominent lecturer in the Department of Indonesian Language Education at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. His academic focus is deeply rooted in the study and teaching of Indonesian language and literature, with a special emphasis on the linguistic and literary aspects of West Kalimantan. Dr. Syahrani's research bridges the gap between academic theories and the rich local traditions of the region. His dual expertise as an educator and a researcher reflects a comprehensive approach to academia, integrating theoretical knowledge with practical application. Dr. Syahrani's dedication to the advancement of Indonesian language and literature highlights his notable contributions to both national and local cultural and academic landscapes.

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