The Application of the Principle of Consensualism in Movable Property Sales Agreements Based on the Burgerlijk Wetboek (BW) : A Normative Legal Study of Business Practices and Legal Certainty for the Parties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31849/joels.28244Keywords:
Implementasi, Asas Konsensualisme, PerjanjianAbstract
A sale and purchase agreement is one of the most dominant forms of agreement in business practice and social life, so that legal certainty regarding its validity and implementation is crucial. In civil law, the principle of consensualism is a fundamental principle that determines the birth of an agreement. However, in the practice of buying and selling movable goods, problems often arise related to the understanding of this principle, especially regarding the legal consequences when one party does not fulfill the agreement. This study aims to analyze the application of the principle of consensualism in the sale and purchase agreement of movable goods from a civil law perspective and examine the legal consequences for parties who violate this principle. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, through a study of the Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek) and the doctrine of contract law. The results of the study indicate that contract law in the Burgerlijk Wetboek firmly adheres to the principle of consensualism, as regulated in Article 1458 of the Civil Code, which states that a sale and purchase is deemed to have occurred since an agreement regarding goods and price was reached, even though the goods have not been delivered and the price has not been paid. Thus, from the moment an agreement is entered into, the agreement is binding on the parties and has legal consequences. Violations of this agreement can be classified as breach of contract, which can result in legal consequences in the form of demands for performance, compensation, or cancellation of the agreement in accordance with applicable law.
Keywords: Implementation, Principle of Consensualism, Agreement
References
Aceh, kue tradisional khas. 2020. “Penerapan Asas Konsensualisme Dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli Menurut Perspektif.” 2(1): 1–9.
Afifah, Fatma. 2025. “Hukum Benda : Definisi, Asas-Asas, Pembedaan Macam Kebendaan Dan Macam-Macam Hak Kebendaan.” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Wijaya Putra 3(1): 1– 21. doi:10.38156/jihwp.v3i1.232.
Ahmad Sidqi. 2023. “Jurnal Nalar Keadilan.” Jurnal Nalar Keadilan 3(2): 58–72.
Aulia Apriadi, Mutia, Naurah Edsa Nakiyah, Miriam Mahalia, and Asep Suherman. 2025. “Peranan Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Dalam Arbitrase Internasional Terhadap Kepastian Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa Bisnis.” 3(1): 73– 80. https://jurnal.kopusindo.com/index.php/jkhkp.
Enan Nova Solihin, Pristika Handayani, and Rizki Tri Anugrah Bhakti. 2025. “Analisis Hukum Perdata Terhadap Klausul Baku Dalam Kontrak Bisnis Industri Manufaktur.” Jurnal Usm Law Review 8(3): 1533– 45. doi:10.26623/julr.v8i3.12781.
Eriyanti, Devi, and Fully Handayani Ridwan. 2022. “Peranan Notaris Dalam Kepastian Hukum Akta Kuasa Menjual Terhadap Objek Jual Beli Yang Pailitkan.” Jurnal Usm Law Review 5(1): 253–69. doi:10.26623/julr.v5i1.4873.
Esau Djaha. 2022. “Penerapan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Yang Didasari Utang Piutang.” Jurnal Nalar Keadilan 2(1): 37.
Van F.C, Lucky Lhaura, Afred Suci, Charles Simabura, Alexsander Yandra, Emy Sadjati, Adrian Faridhi, and Prama Widayat. 2022. “Politisasi Senat Akademik Dan Relasinya Dengan Konflik Kepentingan Dan Perilaku Korupsi Di Perguruan Tinggi.” Integritas : Jurnal Antikorupsi 7(2): 373–91. doi:10.32697/integritas.v7i2.840.
Faridhi, Adrian, Alexsander Yandra, and Sudi Fahmi. 2022. “Model Pelanggaran Dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kabupaten Pelalawan Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Tahun 2020.”
Fauzi, Anggit Rahmat, and Ansari Ansari. 2020. “Analisis Yuridis Perjanjian Jual Beli Melalui Media Elektronik Berdasarkan Kuh Perdata Dan Undang - Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik.” Ar-Risalah: Media Keislaman, Pendidikan dan Hukum Islam 18(1): 114. doi:10.29062/arrisalah.v18i1.339.
Kurniawan, Faizal, and Ayik Parameswary. 2014. “Konstruksi Hukum Perlindungan Adhered Party Dalam Kontrak Adhesi Yang Digunakan Dalam Transaksi Bisnis.” Perspektif 19(3): 144. doi:10.30742/perspektif.v19i3.17.
Menciptakan, Dalam, and Kepastian Hukum. 2021. “Hsm_administratum,+6.+Brigitte+Dewinta+Naftalia+Sanger_han.” IX(3): 58–67.
Pratama, Radhyca Nanda, and Liza Priandhini. 2023. “Kewenangan Notaris Dalam Pembuatan Tanda Bukti Ahli Waris Pada Peralihan Hak Milik Atas Kapal.” Jurnal Usm Law Review 6(1): 260–78. doi:10.26623/julr.v6i1.6418.
Priyono, Ery Agus. 2018. “Aspek Keadilan Dalam Kontrak Bisnis Di Indonesia (Kajian Pada Perjanjian Waralaba ).” Law Reform 14(1): 15. doi:10.14710/lr.v14i1.20233.
Saisab, Romario V., Diva A. E. Rombot, and Anastasya E. Gerungan. 2021. “Kajian Hukum Penerapan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak Dalam Perjanjian Baku.” Lex Privatum 9(6): 201– 10. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/lexprivatum/article/view/34816.
Shaleh, Abd. Rahman, and Imam Fawaid. 2025. “Perbandingan Asas-Asas Perjanjian Dalam Akad Jual Beli Menurut Hukum Perdata Dan Hukum Islam.” Al-Hukmi : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan Keluarga Islam 6(1): 59– 72. doi:10.35316/alhukmi.v6i1.7091.
Sinaga, Niru Anita, Program Studi, Magister Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Dirgantara, Marsekal Suryadarma, Jl Angkasa, et al. 2024. “Philosophical, Legal and Economic Functions of Contracts in the Business World Fungsi Filosofis, Yuridis Dan Ekonomis Kontrak Dalam Dunia Bisnis.”
Thalia, Amara, Bima Janggo Bintoro, Gerrald Jovan Esfandiary, Muhammad Rizal Aji Bahtiar, and Nandang Kusnadi. 2025. “Penerapan Prinsip Itikad Baik Dan Transaksi Adil Dalam Hukum Kontrak Nasional Dan Internasional: Membangun Kepercayaan Dan Kepastian Hukum Bisnis Global.” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum 3(3): 2301–7.
Unggul Julius, Yohannes. 2024. “Klausul Eksonerasi Dalam Kontrak: Perlindungan Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Hak Konsumen.” Jurnal Darma Agung (3): 134– 43. https://dx.doi.org.10.46930/ojsuda.v32i3.4297.
Usanti, Trisadini Prasastinah. 2012. “Lahirnya Hak Kebendaan.” Perspektif 17(1): 44. doi:10.30742/perspektif.v17i1.93.
Usman, Rachmadi. 2021. “Makna Pengalihan Hak Kepemilikan Benda Objek Jaminan Fidusia Atas Dasar Kepercayaan.” Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 28(1): 139–62. doi:10.20885/iustum.vol28.iss1.art7.
Walukow, Stenly N. 2015. “Kajian Yuridis Terhadap Perjanjian Sewa Beli Sebagai Perjanjian Tak Bernama.” Lex Privatum 3(3): 70–78.
Yandra, Alexsander. 2021. “Peningkatan Pemahaman Mengenai Larangan Rangkap Jabatan Bagi Pengurus Lembaga Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 18 Tahun 2018 Di Kecamatan Kulim.” Dinamisia : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 5(5): 1293– 98. doi:10.31849/dinamisia.v5i5.7999.
