Local Governing for Poverty Alleviation Through Stunting Convergence: A Qualitative Study of Village Government in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31849/joels.34547Keywords:
Local Governing, Poverty Alleviation, Stunting Convergence, Village Government, Rural DevelopmentAbstract
Stunting in rural communities reflects not only inadequate nutrition but also poverty, food insecurity, poor sanitation, fragile livelihoods, and limited access to basic services. This study examines how the Pilangrejo Kalurahan Government in Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia, governed poverty alleviation through stunting convergence. Using a qualitative case-study design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with seven purposively selected participants, field observations, and document analysis. The data were interpreted using Mulgan’s five strategic dimensions: purpose, environment, direction, action, and learning. The findings show that the village government developed a partially integrated strategy centred on the 3K programme—home gardens, small-scale livestock rearing, and household fishponds—supported by supplementary feeding, Posyandu services, home visits, housing and sanitation improvement, social assistance, vocational training, and microenterprise support. Cross-sectoral coordination strengthened programme delivery and household identification. However, implementation was constrained by inconsistent poverty data, unequal institutional participation, limited cadre resources, environmental restrictions, uneven household outcomes, and continued dependence on assistance. The study demonstrates that stunting convergence can function as a local governing strategy for multidimensional poverty reduction rather than solely as a health intervention. Sustainable implementation requires reliable data, clear institutional roles, inclusive participation, adequate operational support, and long-term monitoring of nutritional and economic outcomes.
References
Adeyanju, O. Z., & Fadupin, G. T. (2024). Household food security status of rural mothers and nutritional status of their children under five years old in Ibadan, Nigeria. World Nutrition, 15(4), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202415452-58
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
Awaludin, A. A., Nurrachmawati, A., Fitriani, A. D., & Reski, C. (2025). The long-term impact of childhood stunting on cognitive development and educational outcomes. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(8), 70–77. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i8.12198
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Penghitungan dan analisis kemiskinan makro di Indonesia tahun 2024. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/11/29/31e54c0717742a2dc13300e4/penghitungan-dan-analisis-kemiskinan-makro-di-indonesia-tahun-2024.html
Candel, J. J. L., & Biesbroek, R. (2016). Toward a processual understanding of policy integration. Policy Sciences, 49(3), 211–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-016-9248-y
Chakravarty, N., Tatwadi, K., & Ravi, K. (2019). Intergenerational effects of stunting on human capital: Where does the compass point? International Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 9(4), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijmedph.2019.4.24
Damayanti, R. A., & Syarifuddin. (2020). The inclusiveness of community participation in village development planning in Indonesia. Development in Practice, 30(5), 624–634. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2020.1752151
Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An integrative framework for collaborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur011
Fahrurrozie, R., Koyubi, K., Jaenudin, J., Aristiana, W., Kamal, T., & Nurhayati. (2025). Strategi multisektor mengatasi kemiskinan dan stunting melalui pemberdayaan sosial dan ekonomi di Desa Babakan Madang, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat UNSIQ, 12(2), 116–130. https://doi.org/10.32699/ppkm.v12i02.9007
Head, B. W., & Alford, J. (2015). Wicked problems: Implications for public policy and management. Administration & Society, 47(6), 711–739. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399713481601
Hoddinott, J., Behrman, J. R., Maluccio, J. A., Melgar, P., Quisumbing, A. R., Ramirez-Zea, M., Stein, A. D., Yount, K. M., & Martorell, R. (2013). Adult consequences of growth failure in early childhood. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(5), 1170–1178. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.064584
Horsfall, D. F., Kingsley, J. U., & Azumedike, E. T. (2025). Household food insecurity and perceived nutritional outcomes of children aged 4–8 years in Asari Toru Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Home Economics, Hospitality and Allied Research, 4(2), 227–246. https://doi.org/10.57012/ijhhr.v4n2.015
Istiqomah, D. W. N., Utami, T., & Sunesti, Y. (2024). Efektivitas pengalokasian dana desa terhadap program percepatan penurunan stunting. Kaganga: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah dan Riset Sosial Humaniora, 7(1), 607–623. https://doi.org/10.31539/kaganga.v7i1.9352
Izzuddin, P. R., & Widiyarta, A. (2024). Strategi pemerintah desa dalam upaya percepatan penurunan stunting di Desa Sruni Kecamatan Gedangan Kabupaten Sidoarjo. NeoRespublica: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 5(2), 971–986. https://doi.org/10.52423/neores.v5i2.288
Kala, P. R., & Jannah, R. (2023). Analysis of the effectiveness of the Family Hope Program on stunting in children aged 24–36 months in Kuta Baro Sub-district, Aceh Besar District. Pharmacology, Medical Reports, Orthopedic, and Illness Details (Comorbid), 2(3), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.55047/comorbid.v2i3.1103
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan. (2025). Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2024 dalam angka. https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/en/survei-status-gizi-indonesia-ssgi-2024/
Kosassy, S. O., Marwandizal, & Prisilia. (2024). Implementasi Peraturan Presiden No. 72 Tahun 2021 tentang percepatan penurunan stunting di Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai. Jurnal Public Administration, Business and Rural Development Planning, 6(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.69741/jpublic.v6i1.181
L, S. F., Lestari, A. D., Wati, F., Tahir, M., & Rahman, F. P. (2025). Implementasi Peraturan Presiden No. 72 Tahun 2021 dalam percepatan penurunan stunting di Desa Morome, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Sultra Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(1), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.54297/sjpm.v2i1.1259
Maaruf, N. A., & Triadi, I. (2023). Analysis of the government’s role in implementing Presidential Regulation (PERPRES) Number 72 of 2021 on accelerating stunting reduction in efforts to maintain national resilience. Jurnal Hukum Sehasen, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.37676/jhs.v9i2.4857
Mahir, M., Suri, A., & Nazaruddin, A. M. A. (2025). Interplay of maternal nutrition, sanitation, and socioeconomic factors in childhood stunting across resource-limited rural communities: A systematic review. The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research, 20(4), 73–137. https://doi.org/10.70070/gbysvf70
Mananuwe, P., Warbal, M., & Renyut, B. C. (2025). The village government’s strategy in handling stunting in Uwen Pantai Village, Taniwel Timur District, Seram Bagian Barat Regency. JIMAD: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 3(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.59585/jimad.v3i1.865
Martorell, R., & Zongrone, A. (2012). Intergenerational influences on child growth and undernutrition. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 26(Suppl. 1), 302–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01298.x
McGovern, M. E., Krishna, A., Aguayo, V. M., & Subramanian, S. V. (2017). A review of the evidence linking child stunting to economic outcomes. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46(4), 1171–1191. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx017
Mulgan, G. (2009). The art of public strategy: Mobilizing power and knowledge for the common good. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199289646.001.0001
Nandini, N., Kusariana, N., Dewanti, N. A. Y., Murni, & Luthfi, A. (2024). Stakeholder collaboration to accelerate stunting prevention in the village. BIO Web of Conferences, 133, Article 00036. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413300036
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 72 Tahun 2021 tentang percepatan penurunan stunting. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/174964/perpres-no-72-tahun-2021
Purwaningrum, D. N., Sapardi, H., & Wahab, A. (2024). Penanganan stunting di tingkat desa: Perlunya pengembangan kegiatan yang tepat dari dana desa. Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia, 13(2), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.96669
Raesalat, R., Nurbudiwati, & Alawiyah, M. D. (2024). Strategi pemerintah desa dalam pencegahan stunting melalui program pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) TOSS di Desa Jangkurang Kecamatan Leles. Jurnal Pembangunan dan Kebijakan Publik, 15(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.36624/jpkp.v15i1.148
Rahmadani, S., & Lubis, S. (2023). Evaluasi peran pemerintah dalam menentukan angka stunting berdasarkan Perpres 72 Tahun 2021. Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9(1), 188–194. https://doi.org/10.29210/1202322804
Saputra, A. S., Suryoto, & Sutikno, C. (2022). Implementasi kebijakan penanggulangan stunting di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Publikauma: Jurnal Administrasi Publik Universitas Medan Area, 10(2), 162–170. https://doi.org/10.31289/publika.v10i2.8335
Saputri, R. Y., & Sukmana, H. (2025). Strategi pemerintah desa dalam pencegahan stunting di Desa Kajeksan Kecamatan Tulangan Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Jurnal Ilmiah Muqoddimah: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik, dan Humaniora, 9(1), 62–75. https://doi.org/10.31604/jim.v9i1.2025.62-75
Setyawan, A. D. R., Setyawan, T., & Sucipto, E. (2025). The impact of multisectoral nutrition interventions on stunting rates among children under five years old: A systematic review. The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research, 10(6), 54–95. https://doi.org/10.70070/6qvzst80
Sitohang, D., & Lestari, M. W. (2024). Analisis normatif terhadap implementasi Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 72 Tahun 2021 tentang percepatan penurunan stunting. Cendekia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmiah, 1(12), 848–856. https://doi.org/10.62335/40zgbt10
Skoufias, E., Vinha, K., & Sato, R. (2019). How can a multisectoral strategy to reducing stunting produce the desired results? In All hands on deck: Reducing stunting through multisectoral efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa (pp. 143–149). World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1396-2_ch8
Solong, A., & Dzulqarnain. (2022). The effectiveness of the implementation of the Hope Family Program in poverty reduction in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 5(7), 295–302. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v5i7.382
Stoker, G. (1998). Governance as theory: Five propositions. International Social Science Journal, 50(155), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2451.00106
Supriyanto, A., & Jannah, L. M. (2022). Analisis integrasi kebijakan upaya konvergensi program percepatan penurunan stunting Kabupaten Lebak. Sosio Konsepsia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.33007/ska.v11i2.3080
Taosu, R., Toda, H., & Rene, M. O. (2025). Peran pemerintah desa dalam penurunan stunting di Desa Kesetnana, Kecamatan Mollo Selatan, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Kybernology: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Administrasi Publik, 3(1), 378–390. https://doi.org/10.71128/kybernology.v3i1.291
Torlesse, H., Cronin, A. A., Sebayang, S. K., & Nandy, R. (2016). Determinants of stunting in Indonesian children: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey indicate a prominent role for the water, sanitation and hygiene sector in stunting reduction. BMC Public Health, 16, Article 669. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3339-8
Vaivada, T., Akseer, N., Akseer, S., Somaskandan, A., Stefopulos, M., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2020). Stunting in childhood: An overview of global burden, trends, determinants, and drivers of decline. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112, 777S–791S. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa159
Walker, S. P., Chang, S. M., Wright, A., Osmond, C., & Grantham-McGregor, S. M. (2015). Early childhood stunting is associated with lower developmental levels in the subsequent generation of children. The Journal of Nutrition, 145(4), 823–828. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.200261
Weatherspoon, D. D., Miller, S., Ngabitsinze, J. C., Weatherspoon, L. J., & Oehmke, J. F. (2019). Stunting, food security, markets and food policy in Rwanda. BMC Public Health, 19, Article 882. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7208-0
Wijayanti, Gunarmi, & Hastuti, W. (2024). Program pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di Kota Surakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan, 15(2), 298–312. https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v15i2.2480
Yudiana, T. (2022). Strategi penguatan SDM dalam percepatan penurunan stunting di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Good Governance, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.32834/gg.v18i2.495
Zai, S., Harefa, H. O. N., Lase, F., & Lase, B. P. (2024). Peran pemerintah desa dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap masalah stunting. JIIP—Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(10), 11154–11163. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i10.5912
