Integrating Stakeholder Interests in Collaborative Land Conflict Management

Abstract

This study investigates the integration of stakeholder interests in collaborative land conflict management, focusing on a prolonged land dispute in Bangko Pusako, Rokan Hilir, Indonesia. The research aims to identify the root causes of conflict, stakeholder roles, collaborative mechanisms employed, and the challenges encountered in achieving inclusive resolution. Employing a qualitative, exploratory case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with seven purposively selected informants—including community members, local officials, and company representatives—complemented by document analysis and field observation. The findings reveal that the land conflict arose from overlapping claims, procedural exclusion, and power asymmetries between local farmers and a state-owned enterprise, PT Pertamina Hulu Rokan (PHR). While existing resolution forums such as musyawarah were initiated, they proved ineffective due to the absence of neutral facilitation, participatory mapping, and follow-up mechanisms. However, the study also identifies latent opportunities for conflict transformation through inclusive dialogue, recognition of customary tenure, and shared-benefit models. This research contributes to the literature on collaborative governance by offering a stakeholder-centered framework that integrates legal, historical, and social claims in agrarian conflict resolution. It differs from prior studies by providing a localized and grounded empirical perspective from a structurally unequal context. In terms of practical and policy implications, the study suggests that governments must mandate participatory mapping and social consultation in land licensing processes, while corporations should adopt engagement-oriented approaches rooted in community partnership. Civil society institutions are encouraged to play facilitative roles to reduce mistrust and rebalance power asymmetries.