THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING, HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, AND SUPERVISION IN HOMESCHOOLING: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

This study explores the implementation of educational planning, human resource management, and supervision within the management practices of SMA Homeschooling Prima Edukasi in Dumai City. Using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, the research investigates the lived experiences of school supervisors, institutional leaders, and tutors. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed thematically. Findings reveal that educational planning is conducted through individualized diagnostic assessments, allowing flexible yet structured learning plans tailored to students’ needs. Parents are actively involved in decision-making, reflecting a participatory and democratic management model. Human resource management emphasizes personal values, communication skills, and relational capacity, with tutors positioned as both facilitators and emotional companions. Professional development remains informal, relying on peer discussions rather than structured training programs. Supervision is collaborative and dialogical rather than top-down, fostering reflective practices among tutors. Despite these strengths, challenges remain in standardizing documentation, digitizing administrative processes, and formalizing tutor training. The study concludes that homeschooling management requires adaptive, contextual, and humanistic approaches, balancing professionalism with relational dynamics. The findings contribute to the discourse on alternative education management and suggest that flexible, participatory models can enhance the quality of non-formal education in Indonesia.