Analisis Daya Dukung Lahan Pertanian Dalam Upaya Pembangunan Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Kota Pariaman

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the condition of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Pariaman City and calculate the optimal population whose food needs can be met based on the carrying capacity of the available land. The carrying capacity of agricultural land is an important indicator in determining the sustainability of agricultural development. This study was conducted in Pariaman City in January 2026 using a quantitative descriptive approach. The data used were secondary data covering agricultural land area, harvested area, production, productivity, and population. Data were obtained from relevant agencies at the regional level. The calculation of agricultural land carrying capacity was carried out based on the Odum, Howard, and Issard approach. The results of the analysis show that the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Pariaman City in the 2020–2023 period was in class 2, indicating that the region has been able to achieve food self-sufficiency, but has not been able to provide a decent life for its residents. In 2024, the agricultural land carrying capacity value was 0.8251 and was included in class 3, indicating that the region has not been able to achieve food self-sufficiency and has not been able to provide a decent life for its residents. The optimal population of Pariaman City for the 2020–2023 period was greater than the actual population, while in 2024 the optimal population (JPO) was 81,337, lower than the actual population of 98,336. Policy recommendations to support sustainable agricultural development include increasing rice production through agricultural intensification, establishing a Regional Regulation on Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Protection, equitable spatial planning based on land carrying capacity, infrastructure and settlement development on non-rice fields, improving soil quality and irrigation systems, and developing organic farming through the use of botanical pesticides and organic fertilizers to reduce environmental degradation and soil degradation. The agricultural land carrying capacity of Pariaman City in 2024 was class 3, due to an increase in population but a decrease in rice field area in the Central Pariaman and North Pariaman Districts, resulting in a smaller optimal population than the actual population.