Listening Beyond the Text: Reframing Extensive Listening Through Digital Audiobooks in EFL Contexts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31849/8emtjp12Keywords:
Extensive listening, Digital audiobooks, Self-Regulated learning, Learner autonomy , Higher educationAbstract
Listening instruction in EFL contexts frequently privileges short, test-oriented audio materials, limiting opportunities for sustained exposure and learner autonomy. While extensive listening has been proposed as a fluency-building approach, its implementation often remains under-supported and narrowly audio-based. Although audiobooks have been explored in reading-while-listening research, their potential to reconceptualize extensive listening as a multimodal, strategy-driven practice remains insufficiently examined. This mixed-method case study investigates how digital audiobooks reshape extensive listening practices in an Indonesian undergraduate EFL classroom. Twenty-five second-semester students participated in a semester-long audiobook-integrated course. Questionnaire results (20-item Likert scale) reveal strong metacognitive engagement, with repetition as the most frequent strategy (M = 67.6%), followed by transcript-supported listening (M = 64.1%), strategy use awareness (M = 63.5%), accent recognition development (M = 62.1%), and playback control utilization (M = 62.1%). However, confidence without textual scaffolding remained moderate (M = 51.7%), indicating transitional listening independence. Thematic interview findings further demonstrate initial accent-related difficulty, followed by increased emotional immersion, vocabulary noticing, and sustained listening motivation. The study reframes extensive listening as a multimodal, self-regulated process in which digital audiobooks function not merely as input sources but as tools for fostering strategic processing, affective engagement, and learner autonomy. By positioning audiobooks within contemporary theories of metacognitive listening and multimodal input, this research contributes to expanding extensive listening pedagogy and offers implications for digitally mediated language instruction in higher education EFL settings. terms, which reviewers will expect given your powerful title.
References
Alatas, F., & Solehat, D. (2020). The development of audiobook interactive physics based on integrating Qur’an with demonstration tools for blind students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1511(1), 012024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1511/1/012024
Alm, A. (2013). Extensive listening 2.0 with foreign language podcasts. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 7(3), 266–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2013.836207
Chang, A. C. S., & Millett, S. (2014). The effect of extensive listening on developing L2 listening fluency: Some hard evidence. ELT Journal, 68(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/cct052
Chang, A. C. S., & Millett, S. (2015). Improving reading rates and comprehension through audio-assisted extensive reading for beginner learners. System, 52, 91–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2015.05.003
Chang, A. C. S., & Millett, S. (2016). Developing L2 listening fluency through extended listening-focused activities in an extensive listening programme. RELC Journal, 47(3), 349–362. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688216631175
Chang, A. C. S., & Renandya, W. A. (2023). The multidimensional effects of extensive listening on EFL learners. Journal of Research on English and Language Learning, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.33474/j-reall.v5i1.21190
Chang, A. C. S., Millett, S., & Renandya, W. A. (2019). Developing listening fluency through supported extensive listening practice. RELC Journal, 50(3), 422–438. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688217751468
Chen, C. W.-Y. (2019). Guided listening with listening journals and curated materials: A metacognitive approach. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 13(2), 133–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2017.1381104
Damra, H. M., Abu-Helu, S. Y., & Al Masadeh, A. (2025). The influence of audiobooks on the development of English as a foreign language learners’ reading fluency in Jordan. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 15(3), 786–796. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1503.13
Dixon, P. A. (2017). Extensive listening, teacher proficiency and 21st century skills: Interview with Dr. Willy A. Renandya. RELC Journal, 48(1), 153–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688217695658
Fitri, S. A., Gunawan, M. H., & Nurlaelawati, I. (2025). Multimodality in extensive listening: A case study of Indonesian EFL students. English Review: Journal of English Education, 13(1), 269–278. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v13i1.9706
Gavenila, E. I., Wulandari, M., & Renandya, W. A. (2021). Using TED Talks for extensive listening. PASAA, 61, 147–175. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.pasaa.61.1.6
Gonzalez-Torres, P. F., & Solano, L. M. (2024). Video listening journals and enhanced EFL listening skills. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 21(1), Article 54. https://doi.org/10.53761/stbpjr54
Graham, S. (2017). Research into practice: Listening strategies in an instructed classroom setting. Language Teaching, 50(1), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444816000306
Gunawan, A. P., Gustine, G. G., & Gunawan, M. H. (2023). Critical listening in higher education: Insights from Indonesian EFL learners. English Review: Journal of English Education, 11(3), 675–686. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v11i3.8236
Gunawan, M. H., Mandiri, I. C. P., Suherdi, D., Hanifa, E. S. D., & Gunawan, A. P. (2023). Exploring EFL students’ perceptions of the use of podcasts/TED Talks in extensive listening class. Indonesian EFL Journal, 9(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v9i1.7486
Hui, B. (2024). Scaffolding comprehension with reading while listening and the role of reading speed and text complexity. Modern Language Journal, 108(1), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12905
Isozaki, A. H. (2025). Online reading, audiobooks, and metacognitive strategies: EAP learners building listening proficiency and reading fluency. New Zealand Studies in Applied Linguistics, 31(1), 42–64. https://doi.org/10.59690/yu97021
Ivone, F. M., & Renandya, W. A. (2019). Extensive listening and viewing in ELT. TEFLIN Journal, 30(2), 237–256. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v30i2/237-256
Ji, D., Liu, B., Xu, J., & Gong, J. (2024). Why do we listen to audiobooks? The role of narrator performance, BGM, telepresence, and emotional connectedness. SAGE Open, 14(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241257357
Le, T. V., Ngoc, H., & Nguyen, T. (2026). Extensive listening: Effects and experiences of high school students in Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science: Social Sciences, 16(3), 77–92.
Ly, N. N., & Nga, N. T. (2020). An investigation into the effects of extensive listening on pre-intermediate learners’ vocabulary learning. Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science: Social Sciences, 10(1), 3–17. https://doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.soci.en.10.1.552.2020
Mandiri, I. C. P., Gunawan, M. H., & Suharno, S. (2022). EFL students’ difficulties in extensive listening activities: A thematic content analysis. English Review: Journal of English Education, 10(2), 393–400. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v10i2.6240
Nguyễn, T. D. H., & Phan, T. L. (2024). An investigation on difficulties encountered by English-majored students in writing academic essays. Tạp Chí Khoa Học Trường Đại Học Mở Hà Nội, 4(2), 120–127. https://doi.org/10.59266/houjs.2024.364
Rachmaniputri, F. I., Purnawarman, P., & Gunawan, M. H. (2021). Students’ perceptions towards the use of podcasts in listening class. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2020) (Vol. 546, pp. 179–187). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210427.028
Renandya, W. A., & Farrell, T. S. C. (2011). “Teacher, the tape is too fast!” Extensive listening in ELT. ELT Journal, 65(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccq015
Renandya, W. A., & Jacobs, G. M. (2016). Extensive reading and listening in the L2 classroom. In W. A. Renandya & H. P. Widodo (Eds.), English language teaching today (pp. 97–110). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38834-2_8
Serrano, R. (2023). Extensive reading and science vocabulary learning in L2: Comparing reading-only and reading-while-listening. Education Sciences, 13(5), 493. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13050493
Suppasetseree, S., Kumdee, S., & Minh, T. H. (2023). Supporting student engagement with technology: Findings from an online personal learning environment for extensive listening. LEARN Journal, 16(2), 220–240.
Tabieh, A. A. S., Al-Hileh, M. M., Abu Afifa, H. M. J., & Abuzagha, H. Y. (2020). The effect of using digital storytelling on developing active listening and creative thinking skills. European Journal of Educational Research, 10(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.10.1.13
Tusmagambet, B. (2020). Effects of audiobooks on EFL learners’ reading development: Focus on fluency and motivation. English Teaching, 75(2), 41–67. https://doi.org/10.15858/engtea.75.2.202006.41
Vandergrift, L., & Cross, J. (2018). Socio-affective listening strategies. In The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching (pp. 1–6). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0594
Vandergrift, L., & Goh, C. C. M. (2012). Teaching and learning second language listening: Metacognition in action. Routledge.
Vandergrift, L., & Tafaghodtari, M. H. (2010). Teaching L2 learners how to listen does make a difference: An empirical study. Language Learning, 60(2), 470–497. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00559.x
Widodo, J. W., & Nugroho, H. A. (2024). Perceptions and challenges of undergraduate EFL students towards audiobooks and textbooks on the Xreading website. International Journal of Language Education and Culture Review, 10(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.21009/ijlecr.v10i1.45174
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications (Vol. 6). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Zeng, Y., & Goh, C. C. M. (2018). A self-regulated learning approach to extensive listening and its impact on listening achievement and metacognitive awareness. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 8(2), 193–218. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2018.8.2.2
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.







