Reviewing Hate Speech in Indonesian Social Media Content: Gender and Discourse Perspectives
Abstract
The increased conflicts and online propaganda on social media recently have raised the negative impacts on the society such as violence and conflicts. This article mainly reviews the hate speech in Indonesian social media content viewed from the gender and discourse perspectives. Further, it explores the importance of using the language of peace on social media such as you tube, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and so on as an effort to prevent the potential for conflicts. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method to describe the phenomenon of the use of hate speech and propaganda in social media. The writer collected data from a number of quotes and writing on social media particularly Facebook and Instagram containing hate speech, threats, propaganda, and incitement leading to negative reactions of the society. The result shows that women may have more preference dealing with physical appearance issues to political ones. This can be seen clearly through the comments stated by women in social media particularly Facebook. Meanwhile, men tend to have preferences on commenting political issues in social media to physical appearance. Furthermore, they dare to take a risk and power in relation with political issues. Thus, the users of social media both men and women are encouraged to be wise in using social media that can be achieved by using the language of peace to prevent the potential for online conflicts among the society.
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References
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Damboama, R. D. (2010). Language Education as An instrument of Peace, unity, and Stability in Nigeria. Journal of Assertiveness, 1–5.
Desmond, B., Patton, U., Hong, J. S., Ranney, M., Patel, S., Kelley, C., & Washington, T. (2014). Social Media as a Vector for Youth Violence: A Review of the Literature. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 548–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.043
Https://www.kompasiana.com/musniumar/57352f7d5dafbd4f05715c13/hmi-termukan-musuh-bersama-saut-situmorang. (n.d.). Saut Sitomorang.
Kennedy, M. A., & Taylor, M. A. (2010). Online Harassment and Victimization of College Students. Spring, 7(1), 1–21.
King, R. D., & Wardhaugh, R. (2006). Introduction to Linguistics. American Speech, 45(3/4), 285. https://doi.org/10.2307/454846
Niekerk, B. V. A. N. (2013). Social Media and Information Conflict. International Journal of Communication, 7, 1162–1184.
O’Keeffe, et al. (2011). Introducing pragmatics in use. London: Routledge.
Recuero, R. (2015). Social Media and Symbolic Violence. Social Media + Society, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115580332
Stephenson, V. L., Wickham, B. M., & Capezza, N. M. (2018). Psychological Abuse in the Context of Social Media. Violance and Gender, 5(3), 129–134.
Subiakto, H., & Ida, R. (2012). Political Communication, Media and Democracy. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.
Wardhaugh, R. (2006). An Introduction to Sociolingusitics, Fifth Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
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