PENGARUH SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Keywords:
Spiritual Leadership, Workplace Spirituality, Performance, Job satisfaction
Abstract
Abstract: : This research aims to determine the relationship between spiritual leadership, workplace spirituality and employee performance with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. Data was obtained through distributing questionnaires directly to 255 respondents who were employees of the public works and spatial planning (PUPR) department. The analysis method used is SEM-PLS. The research results also found that job satisfaction has a very significant influence on employee performance. However, spiritual leadership was not proven to have a significant influence on performance, either directly or through job satisfaction as a mediating variable. These findings differ from previous research and suggest that other factors may influence employee satisfaction and performance. This shows that good leadership is not always accompanied by increased employee performance, although job satisfaction can increase. On the other hand, workplace spirituality is proven to have a significant influence on job satisfaction and employee performance
Keywords: Spiritual Leadership, Workplace Spirituality, Performance, Job satisfaction
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References
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Choirunissa, A., Prayekti, P., & Septyarini, E. (2020). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Individual dengan Self Efficacy sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 8(3), 349–360. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v8i3.400
Darmawati, A. (2018). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 13(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.21831/jim.v13i1.22220
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Dewi, K. S. (2013). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Dan Komitmen Organisasi Pada Pt. Kpm. Jurnal Manajemen, 7(2), 1–1.
Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001
Fry, L. W., & Cohen, M. P. (2009). Spiritual leadership as a paradigm for organizational transformation and recovery from extended work hours cultures. Journal of Business Ethics, 84(SUPPL. 2), 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9695-2
Fry, L. W., Vitucci, S., & Cedillo, M. (2005). Spiritual leadership and army transformation: Theory, measurement, and establishing a baseline. Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 835–862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.07.012
Gaertner, S. (1999). Structural determinants of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover models. Human Resource Management Review, 9(4), 479–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(99)00030-3
Garcia-Zamor, J. C. (2003). Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Performance. Public Administration Review, 63(3), 355–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6210.00295
Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1985). The Effects of Sampling Error and Model Characteristics on Parameter Estimation for Maximum Likelihood Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 20(3), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2003_2
Green, K. W., Whitten, D., & Medlin, B. (2005). Impact of relational differences on supervisor/subordinate dyad. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 105(3), 369–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635570510590165
Gregson, T. (1987). Factor Analysis of a Multiple-Choice Format for Job Satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 61(3), 747–750. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.61.3.747
Hair, E., Halle, T., Terry-Humen, E., Lavelle, B., & Calkins, J. (2006). Children’s school readiness in the ECLS-K: Predictions to academic, health, and social outcomes in first grade. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 21(4), 431–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2006.09.005
Hariandja, E. S., & Kautsar, A. W. (2007). Strategi Perusahaan dalam Pengembangan Produk Baru: Penelitian Kasus Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia. Inasea, 8, 57–68.
Hermaningsih, A. (2012). Spiritualitas dan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Faktor Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Sosial, 1(2), 126–140.
Hill, P. C., & Dik, B. J. (2012a). Toward a Science of Workplace Spirituality. Psychology of Religion and Workplace Spirituality, June 2003, 1–22.
Hill, P. C., & Dik, B. J. (2012b). Toward a Science of Workplace Spirituality. Psychology of Religion and Workplace Spirituality, June, 1–22.
Javanmard, H., Nami, A., & Haraghi, M. (2014). Survey the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Workplace Spirituality. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3(6), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.12816/0018179
Javed, M., Balouch, R., & Hassan, F. (2014). Determinants of Job Satisfaction and its impact on Employee performance and turnover intentions. International Journal of Learning and Development, 4(2), 120–140. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v4i2.6094
Kakiay, A. N. (2017). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Spiritual Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru the Influence of Spiritual Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Teacher Performance. Jurnal Psikologi, 10(100), 148–151.
Maliki, P. L. (2017). Hubungan Lingkungan Kerja Dan Kompensasi Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Guru Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri Se Kota Gorontalo. Tadbir: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(2016). https://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/tjmpi/article/view/521%0Ahttps://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/tjmpi/article/download/521/424
Malone, P. N., & Fry, L. W. (2003). Transforming schools through spiritual leadership: A field experiment. 2003 National Meeting of the Academy of Management, 1–40. http://iispiritualleadership.com/wp-content/uploads/docs/SLTAOMPeggy0106.pdf
Marwan, M., Rajak, A., & Abubakar, M. R. (2019). The Effect of Spirituality in the Workplace and Quality of Work Life on Nurses Performance in Regional General Hospital dr. Chasan Boesoerie of North Maluku. Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 14(1), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.33369/insight.14.1.1-35
McShane, S., & Glinow, M. A. Von. (2010). Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior. In pearson education,Limited (Vol. 10, Issue Chapter 4).
Mengko, S. M. H., & Sambeka, V. L. (2018). Pengaruh spiritualitas kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja dosen Politeknik Negeri Manado. Jurnal Akuntabilitas Manajemen Pendidikan, 6(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.21831/amp.v6i1.18119
PAWLICZEK, A., NAVRATILOVA, D., KOLOS, P., KOLUMBER, S., & CHLOPECKY, akub. (2022). Citizenship Behavior in the context of Organizational Justice and Role Theory as the Most Popular Recent topic in Organizational Behavior: Rapid Review Results. Journal of Organizational Management Studies, November, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5171/2022.861465
Petchsawang, P., & Duchon, D. (2009). Measuring workplace spirituality in an asian context. Human Resource Development International, 12(4), 459–468. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678860903135912
Pio, R., & Tampi, J. (2018). The Influence Of Spiritual Leadership On Quality Of Work Life , Job Satisfaction And Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Study On Nursing Staff Of Private Hospital In North Sulawesi). Journal of Law and Management, 60(2), 757–767.
Pradhan, R. K., Jena, L. K., & Kumari, I. G. (2016). Effect of Work–Life Balance on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Role of Organizational Commitment. Global Business Review, 17, 15S-29S. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150916631071
Pujiastuti, R. (2014). Karakteristik Spiritual Leadership Perangkat Desa Di Kabupaten Banyumas (Berdasar Teori Spiritual Leadership Fry). Seminar Nasional Dan Call for Paper (Sancall 2014): RESEARCH METHODS AND ORGANIZATIONAL STUDIES, Sancall, 367–371.
Qualls, D. J. (2011). Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange.
Rafsanjan, H. (2017). Kepemimpinan Spiritual (Spiritual Leadership). Jurnal Masharif Al-Syariah: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Perbakan Syariah, 2(1).
Rahmawaty, A. (2016). Model Kepemimpinan Spiritual Dalam Meningkatkan Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Karyawan di BMT se-Kabupaten Pati. IQTISHADIA Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 9(2), 276. https://doi.org/10.21043/iqtishadia.v9i2.1732
Reave, L. (2005). Spiritual values and practices related to leadership effectiveness. Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 655–687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.07.003
Ria Mardiana, Y. (2016). Citizenship Behavior Sebagai Variabel Intervening ( Studi Kasus Pada Kantor Pt . Nindya Karya Cabang Makassar ) the Effect of Situational Leadership on Employee Performance Through the Corporate and Organizational Working Citizenship Behavior As Interveni. Hasanuddin Journal of Applied Business and Entrepreneurship, 1(2), 15–32.
Roni, M. (2019). Pengaruh Religiusitas, Kepemimpinan, Etos Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Tesis Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 136. http://digilib.uinsby.ac.id/35064/
Sanusi, A., & Manan, A. (2014). A Study on Employees Performance: Spiritual Leadership and Work Motivation with Mediation Work Satisfaction at the University of Darul Ulum, Indonesia M Mudjib Musta’in Doctoral Student. European Journal of Business and Management Www.Iiste.Org ISSN, 6(39), 62–64. www.iiste.org
Siregar, A. J., & Rambe, M. F. (2022). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Dan Spiritualitas Di Tempat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Melalui Semangat Kerja Pada Pegawai Kantor Bupati Deli Serdang. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 5(1), 293–309. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v5i1.604
Spector, P. E. (1985). Spector, 1985.pdf. In American Journal of Community Psychology (Vol. 13, Issue 6, pp. 693–713).
Sujarweni. (2018). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja Pada Cv. Union Event Planner. Agora, 6(1), 1–6.
Supriyanto, A. S., Ekowati, V. M., & Maghfuroh, U. (2020). Do organizational citizenship behavior and work satisfaction mediate the relationship between spiritual leadership and employee performance? Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1107–1114. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.10.031
Suputra, I. D. N. S. A., & Sriathi, A. A. A. (2018). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasional. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 7(9), 4628. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2018.v07.i09.p01
Tanuwijaya, R. (2015). Pengaruh Spiritual Leadership dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Sari Pawita Pratama. Agora, 3(1), 1–6.
Thayib, Christiananta, B., Sulasmi, S., & Eliyana, A. (2013). Pengaruh Spiritual Leadership , Stres Kerja , Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kepuasan Dan Prestasi Kerja. Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Islam, 03(01), 1–16.
Tobroni. (2005). Perilaku Kepemimpinan Spritual Dalam Pengembangan Organisasi Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran: Kasus Lima Pemimpin Pendidikan di Kota Ngalam. Disertasi, 1–377.
Umam, M. R. K., & Auliya, Z. F. (2018). Hubungan Kausalitas Workplace Spirituality Dan Kinerja Karyawan: Perspektif Mediasi Etika Kerja Islam. BISNIS : Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen Islam, 5(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.21043/bisnis.v5i1.2946
Vinet, L., & Zhedanov, A. (2011). Responses of terrestrial aridity to global warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 44(8), 9301–9323. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021608.Received
Al-Sakinah, P. S., Sudiro, A., & Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, F. of E. and B. U. B. (2020). the Influence of Spiritual Leadership on Lecturer’S Performance With the Mediation of Organizational Commitment and Work Motivation. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 18(2), 232–240. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2020.018.02.03
Arbuckle, M. R., McLain, M. T., Rubertone, M. V., Scofield, R. H., Dennis, G. J., & James, J. A. (2004). Development of auto-antibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus. Revue de Medecine Interne, 25(2), 175–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2003.10.007
Ashmos, D. P. ., & Duchon, D. . (2000). Ashmos2000. In Journal of management inquiry: Vol. 9(2) (pp. 134–145). https://www.proquest.com/openview/502100049d3ffe2b767379b6b950780a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=30614
Cacioppe, R. (2000). Creating spirit at work: re‐visioning organization development and leadership – Part I. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 21(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730010310730
Choirunissa, A., Prayekti, P., & Septyarini, E. (2020). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Individual dengan Self Efficacy sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 8(3), 349–360. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v8i3.400
Darmawati, A. (2018). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 13(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.21831/jim.v13i1.22220
Daud, S., Pendidikan, J. M., Gorontalo, U. N., Pendidikan, J. M., Gorontalo, U. N., Djafri, N., Pendidikan, J. M., & Gorontalo, U. N. (2018). KEPEMIMPINAN SPIRITUAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM Abstrak. 54–69.
Dewi, K. S. (2013). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Dan Komitmen Organisasi Pada Pt. Kpm. Jurnal Manajemen, 7(2), 1–1.
Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001
Fry, L. W., & Cohen, M. P. (2009). Spiritual leadership as a paradigm for organizational transformation and recovery from extended work hours cultures. Journal of Business Ethics, 84(SUPPL. 2), 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9695-2
Fry, L. W., Vitucci, S., & Cedillo, M. (2005). Spiritual leadership and army transformation: Theory, measurement, and establishing a baseline. Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 835–862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.07.012
Gaertner, S. (1999). Structural determinants of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover models. Human Resource Management Review, 9(4), 479–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(99)00030-3
Garcia-Zamor, J. C. (2003). Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Performance. Public Administration Review, 63(3), 355–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6210.00295
Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1985). The Effects of Sampling Error and Model Characteristics on Parameter Estimation for Maximum Likelihood Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 20(3), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2003_2
Green, K. W., Whitten, D., & Medlin, B. (2005). Impact of relational differences on supervisor/subordinate dyad. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 105(3), 369–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635570510590165
Gregson, T. (1987). Factor Analysis of a Multiple-Choice Format for Job Satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 61(3), 747–750. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.61.3.747
Hair, E., Halle, T., Terry-Humen, E., Lavelle, B., & Calkins, J. (2006). Children’s school readiness in the ECLS-K: Predictions to academic, health, and social outcomes in first grade. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 21(4), 431–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2006.09.005
Hariandja, E. S., & Kautsar, A. W. (2007). Strategi Perusahaan dalam Pengembangan Produk Baru: Penelitian Kasus Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia. Inasea, 8, 57–68.
Hermaningsih, A. (2012). Spiritualitas dan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Faktor Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Sosial, 1(2), 126–140.
Hill, P. C., & Dik, B. J. (2012a). Toward a Science of Workplace Spirituality. Psychology of Religion and Workplace Spirituality, June 2003, 1–22.
Hill, P. C., & Dik, B. J. (2012b). Toward a Science of Workplace Spirituality. Psychology of Religion and Workplace Spirituality, June, 1–22.
Javanmard, H., Nami, A., & Haraghi, M. (2014). Survey the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Workplace Spirituality. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3(6), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.12816/0018179
Javed, M., Balouch, R., & Hassan, F. (2014). Determinants of Job Satisfaction and its impact on Employee performance and turnover intentions. International Journal of Learning and Development, 4(2), 120–140. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v4i2.6094
Kakiay, A. N. (2017). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Spiritual Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru the Influence of Spiritual Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Teacher Performance. Jurnal Psikologi, 10(100), 148–151.
Maliki, P. L. (2017). Hubungan Lingkungan Kerja Dan Kompensasi Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Guru Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri Se Kota Gorontalo. Tadbir: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(2016). https://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/tjmpi/article/view/521%0Ahttps://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/tjmpi/article/download/521/424
Malone, P. N., & Fry, L. W. (2003). Transforming schools through spiritual leadership: A field experiment. 2003 National Meeting of the Academy of Management, 1–40. http://iispiritualleadership.com/wp-content/uploads/docs/SLTAOMPeggy0106.pdf
Marwan, M., Rajak, A., & Abubakar, M. R. (2019). The Effect of Spirituality in the Workplace and Quality of Work Life on Nurses Performance in Regional General Hospital dr. Chasan Boesoerie of North Maluku. Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 14(1), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.33369/insight.14.1.1-35
McShane, S., & Glinow, M. A. Von. (2010). Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior. In pearson education,Limited (Vol. 10, Issue Chapter 4).
Mengko, S. M. H., & Sambeka, V. L. (2018). Pengaruh spiritualitas kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja dosen Politeknik Negeri Manado. Jurnal Akuntabilitas Manajemen Pendidikan, 6(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.21831/amp.v6i1.18119
PAWLICZEK, A., NAVRATILOVA, D., KOLOS, P., KOLUMBER, S., & CHLOPECKY, akub. (2022). Citizenship Behavior in the context of Organizational Justice and Role Theory as the Most Popular Recent topic in Organizational Behavior: Rapid Review Results. Journal of Organizational Management Studies, November, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5171/2022.861465
Petchsawang, P., & Duchon, D. (2009). Measuring workplace spirituality in an asian context. Human Resource Development International, 12(4), 459–468. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678860903135912
Pio, R., & Tampi, J. (2018). The Influence Of Spiritual Leadership On Quality Of Work Life , Job Satisfaction And Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Study On Nursing Staff Of Private Hospital In North Sulawesi). Journal of Law and Management, 60(2), 757–767.
Pradhan, R. K., Jena, L. K., & Kumari, I. G. (2016). Effect of Work–Life Balance on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Role of Organizational Commitment. Global Business Review, 17, 15S-29S. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150916631071
Pujiastuti, R. (2014). Karakteristik Spiritual Leadership Perangkat Desa Di Kabupaten Banyumas (Berdasar Teori Spiritual Leadership Fry). Seminar Nasional Dan Call for Paper (Sancall 2014): RESEARCH METHODS AND ORGANIZATIONAL STUDIES, Sancall, 367–371.
Qualls, D. J. (2011). Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange.
Rafsanjan, H. (2017). Kepemimpinan Spiritual (Spiritual Leadership). Jurnal Masharif Al-Syariah: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Perbakan Syariah, 2(1).
Rahmawaty, A. (2016). Model Kepemimpinan Spiritual Dalam Meningkatkan Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Karyawan di BMT se-Kabupaten Pati. IQTISHADIA Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 9(2), 276. https://doi.org/10.21043/iqtishadia.v9i2.1732
Reave, L. (2005). Spiritual values and practices related to leadership effectiveness. Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 655–687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.07.003
Ria Mardiana, Y. (2016). Citizenship Behavior Sebagai Variabel Intervening ( Studi Kasus Pada Kantor Pt . Nindya Karya Cabang Makassar ) the Effect of Situational Leadership on Employee Performance Through the Corporate and Organizational Working Citizenship Behavior As Interveni. Hasanuddin Journal of Applied Business and Entrepreneurship, 1(2), 15–32.
Roni, M. (2019). Pengaruh Religiusitas, Kepemimpinan, Etos Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Tesis Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 136. http://digilib.uinsby.ac.id/35064/
Sanusi, A., & Manan, A. (2014). A Study on Employees Performance: Spiritual Leadership and Work Motivation with Mediation Work Satisfaction at the University of Darul Ulum, Indonesia M Mudjib Musta’in Doctoral Student. European Journal of Business and Management Www.Iiste.Org ISSN, 6(39), 62–64. www.iiste.org
Siregar, A. J., & Rambe, M. F. (2022). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Dan Spiritualitas Di Tempat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Melalui Semangat Kerja Pada Pegawai Kantor Bupati Deli Serdang. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 5(1), 293–309. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v5i1.604
Spector, P. E. (1985). Spector, 1985.pdf. In American Journal of Community Psychology (Vol. 13, Issue 6, pp. 693–713).
Sujarweni. (2018). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja Pada Cv. Union Event Planner. Agora, 6(1), 1–6.
Supriyanto, A. S., Ekowati, V. M., & Maghfuroh, U. (2020). Do organizational citizenship behavior and work satisfaction mediate the relationship between spiritual leadership and employee performance? Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1107–1114. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.10.031
Suputra, I. D. N. S. A., & Sriathi, A. A. A. (2018). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasional. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 7(9), 4628. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2018.v07.i09.p01
Tanuwijaya, R. (2015). Pengaruh Spiritual Leadership dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Sari Pawita Pratama. Agora, 3(1), 1–6.
Thayib, Christiananta, B., Sulasmi, S., & Eliyana, A. (2013). Pengaruh Spiritual Leadership , Stres Kerja , Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kepuasan Dan Prestasi Kerja. Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Islam, 03(01), 1–16.
Tobroni. (2005). Perilaku Kepemimpinan Spritual Dalam Pengembangan Organisasi Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran: Kasus Lima Pemimpin Pendidikan di Kota Ngalam. Disertasi, 1–377.
Umam, M. R. K., & Auliya, Z. F. (2018). Hubungan Kausalitas Workplace Spirituality Dan Kinerja Karyawan: Perspektif Mediasi Etika Kerja Islam. BISNIS : Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen Islam, 5(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.21043/bisnis.v5i1.2946
Vinet, L., & Zhedanov, A. (2011). Responses of terrestrial aridity to global warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 44(8), 9301–9323. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021608.Received
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