PERLINDUNGAN KERJA LAYAK PADA PEKERJAAN ASISTEN RUMAH TANGGA PEREMPUAN DI DESA SOCAH, BANGKALAN-MADURA
Keywords:
Work discrimination, Workload, Work Protection, Household Assistant
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to analyze the decent work protection of female domestic assistant workers. This research was conducted with a qualitative phenomenological approach, analyzed by the inductive method. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews with female household assistant actors and their employers in the village of Socah, Bangkalan-Madura. The findings show that there is work hour discrimination that is hours of work not in accordance with the initial agreement, there is workload discrimination that is doing a lot of work beyond the value limit of women, and findings on work protection without insurance. In the end it can be concluded, decent work is said to be socially feasible, because it is presented in work ethics. And discrimination against this work occurs a lot in social relations in the work of this female household assistant
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References
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Balasubramanian, G., & Sarkar, S. 2020. Organising Experience of Informal Sector Workers – A road less Travelled. Employee Relations. 42(3): 798-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2019-0162
Banerjee, S., & Goswami, K. 2019. Whether The Industrial Workers of Slums Have Access to Job Insurance? International Journal of Workplace Health Management. 12(3): 102-119 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-08-2018-0110
Belwal, S., Belwal, R., & Al-Hashemi, S. E. 2019. Family Friendly Policies and the Omani Labour Law: What it entails for women employees in Oman. Employee Relations. 42(2): 315-348 https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-09-2018-0245
Bishnoi, S.K. and Kapoor, S. 2020. A case Study on Fair Compensation to hand embroedery Workers in India. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel. 24(2): 97-110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/RJTA-07-2019-0030
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Dubbelt, L., Rispens, S., & Demerouti, E. 2016. Gender discrimination and Job Characteristics. Career Development International. 21(3): 230-245 https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-10-2015-0136
Finningan, R and Hunter, S. 2018. Occupational Composition and Racial/Ethnic Inequality in Varying Work Hours in the Great Recession. Race, Identity and Work. (Research in the Sociology of Work). Emerald Publishing Limited. 32: 165–193. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0277-283320180000032011
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Franca, MTA , Frio, GS and Korzeniewicz, M. 2020. Self-employment and Wage Difference An analysis for Brazil. International Journal of Social Economics. 47(6): 727-745. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-05-2019-0312
Gertsson, N., Sylvander, J., Broberg, P., & Friberg, J. 2017. Exploring Audit Assistants’ Decision to Leave the Audit Profession. Managerial Auditing Journal. 32(9): 879-898. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-05-2016-1381
Gibb, S., & Ishaq, M. 2020. Decent work: What Matters most and Who can Make a Difference?. Employee Relations. 42(4): 845-861. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-04-2018-0099
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Guiterrez-Martinez, I and Olivas-Lujan, M. . 2019. Managing Workplace Inequality in Mexico: An Analysis of Gender, Age, and (Dis)Ability Status. Diversity within Diversity Management (Advanced Series in Management..Emerald Publishing Limited. 22: 175–195. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1877-636120190000022010
Hasbullah Thabrany. 2015. Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Rajawali Press.
Hussain, A. H. M. B., & Endut, N. 2018. Do Decent Working Conditions Contribute to Work–life Balance: A Study of Small Enterprises in Bangladesh. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. 12(1): 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-04-2018-045
ILO. 1999. Decent Work. Proseeding. International Labour Conference.
ILO. 2013. Decent Work Indicators: Guidelines for Producers and Users of Statistical and Legal Framework Indicators. Proseeding. International Labour Conference.
Junaid, D., He, Z., Yadav, A., & Asare-Kyire, L. 2019. Whether Analogue Countries Exhibit Similar Women Entrepreneurial Activities?. Management Decision. 58(4): 759-772. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2018-0681
Khan, S. I., Bartram, T., Cavanagh, J., Hossain, M. S., & Akter, S. 2019. “Decent Work” in the Ready-made Garment Sector in Bangladesh: The Role for Ethical Human Resource Management, Trade Unions and Situated Moral Agency. Personnel Review. 48(1): 40-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-01-2018-0001
Kolot, A., & Herasymenko, O. 2017. A deficit of Decent Work as a Current Trend in the Development of Social and Labor Sphere in Ukraine. Knowledge and Performance Management. 14(1): 5-18. https://di.org/10.25161/kpm.1(1).01
Mahapatro, S. 2019. Female Employment in India: Determinants of Choice of Sector of Activity. Journal of Economic Studies. 46(3): 748-759 https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-04-2017-0108
Mellner, C., Kecklund, G., Kompier, M., Sariaslan, A., & Aronsson, G. 2016. Boundaryless Work, Psychological Detachment and Sleep: Does Working “Anytime” Anywhere’ Equal Employees are “always on”? New Ways of Working Practices. Advance Series in Management. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 16: 29-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1877-636120160000016003
Munkner, H. H. dan T. W. 2001. Sektor Informal Sumber Pendapatan Bagi Kaum Miskin, dalam Menggempur Akar-Akar Kemiskinan. Jakarta. Yakoma PGI.
Ordine, P., Rose, G, and Vella, G. 2019. Employement Protection and Gender gap; Evidence From a Reform of the Italian Labor Market Regulation System. International Journal of Manpower. 41(1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-12-2018-0400
Palumbo, R. And Manna, R. 2019. A portrait of Workplace Discrimination in Italy: Empirical Evidence From a Nationwide Survey. Evidence-Based HRM. 8(1): 92–112. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-03-2019-0029
Pereira, SA., dos Santos, NR. And Pais, L. 2019. Decent Works Contribution to the Economy for the Common Good. International Jurnal of Organization Analysis. 28(3): 579–593. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-07-2019-1840
Pfau-Effinger, B. 2017. Informal Employment in the Poor European Periphery. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. 37(7/8): 387-399. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-07-20160080
Roomi, M.A, Rehman, S. And Henry, C. 2018. Exploring the Normatif Context for Women’s Entrepreneurship in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. 10(2): 158–180. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-03-2018-0019
Sadono Sukirno. 2005. Makro Ekonomi. Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta. PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sethuraman. 1981. The Urban Informal Sector in Developing Countries. ILO.
Todaro. M. P. & Smith, S. 2011. Pembangunan Ekonomi. Jakarta. Erlangga.
Trentini, C. 2016. Labor Market and Wage Dispersion. Ineaquality After the 20th Century: Paper from the Sixth ECINEQ Meeting. (Research on Economi Inequality). Emerald Publishing Limited. 83–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1049-258520160000024005
Walgito, B. 1990. Psikologi Sosial. Yogyakarta. Penerbit Andi.
Williams, C.C. and Horodnic, A. V. 2019. Why is Informal Employment More Common in Some Countries? An exploratory Analisys of112 countries. Employment Relations. 41(6): 1434–1450. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-10-2018-0285
Keputusan Mentri No. 102 Tahun 2004 pasal 3 tentang waktu kerja lembur dan upah kerja lembur
Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No 7 Tahun 2003
Undang - Undang Republika Indonesia No 13 Tahun 2003, Pasal 1 Ayat 3. Tentang Ketenagakerjaan
Undang - Undang Republika Indonesia No 13 Tahun 2003, pasal 88. Tentang Ketenagakerjaan
Agarwala, R. And Chun, J, J. 2018. Gendering Struggles Againts Informal and Precarious Work. (Political Power and Social Theory). Emerald Publishing Limited. 35: 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0198-871920180000035001
Agarwala, R. 2018. From Theory to Praxis and Back to Theory: Informal Workers’ Stuggles Againts Capitalism and Patriarchy in India. Gendering Struggles Againts Informal and Precarious Work. Political Power and Social Theory. 35: 29-57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/S0198-871920180000035002
Anker, R. 1998. Gender and Jobs: Sex Segregation of Occupations in The World. ILO Publisher.
Astuti, D. 2000. Jejak Seribu Tangan. Yogyakarta. Yayasan Tjoet Njak Dien.
Balasubramanian, G., & Sarkar, S. 2020. Organising Experience of Informal Sector Workers – A road less Travelled. Employee Relations. 42(3): 798-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2019-0162
Banerjee, S., & Goswami, K. 2019. Whether The Industrial Workers of Slums Have Access to Job Insurance? International Journal of Workplace Health Management. 12(3): 102-119 https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-08-2018-0110
Belwal, S., Belwal, R., & Al-Hashemi, S. E. 2019. Family Friendly Policies and the Omani Labour Law: What it entails for women employees in Oman. Employee Relations. 42(2): 315-348 https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-09-2018-0245
Bishnoi, S.K. and Kapoor, S. 2020. A case Study on Fair Compensation to hand embroedery Workers in India. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel. 24(2): 97-110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/RJTA-07-2019-0030
Burchell, B., sehnbruch, K., Piasna., A., & Agloni, N. 2014. The quality of Employment and Decent Work: Definicionts, Methodologies, and ongoing Debates. Journal of Economics. 38(2): 459–477. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bet067
Dubbelt, L., Rispens, S., & Demerouti, E. 2016. Gender discrimination and Job Characteristics. Career Development International. 21(3): 230-245 https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-10-2015-0136
Finningan, R and Hunter, S. 2018. Occupational Composition and Racial/Ethnic Inequality in Varying Work Hours in the Great Recession. Race, Identity and Work. (Research in the Sociology of Work). Emerald Publishing Limited. 32: 165–193. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0277-283320180000032011
Foley, S., Ngo, H,-Y., Loi, R. Dan Zheng, X. 2015. Gender, Gender Identification and Perceived Gender Discrimination: An Examination of The Mediating Processes in China. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. 34(8): 650–665. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-05-2015-0038
Fouskas, T. 2017. (Un)Maid in Greece: Repercussions of Precarious, Low-status Work on Family and Community Networks of Solidarity of Migrant Filiphina Live-in Domestik workers and Race Discrimination at Work. (International Perspectives on Equality, Diversity and Inclusion). Emerald Publishing Limited. 6: 225-250. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2051-233320190000006011
Franca, MTA , Frio, GS and Korzeniewicz, M. 2020. Self-employment and Wage Difference An analysis for Brazil. International Journal of Social Economics. 47(6): 727-745. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-05-2019-0312
Gertsson, N., Sylvander, J., Broberg, P., & Friberg, J. 2017. Exploring Audit Assistants’ Decision to Leave the Audit Profession. Managerial Auditing Journal. 32(9): 879-898. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-05-2016-1381
Gibb, S., & Ishaq, M. 2020. Decent work: What Matters most and Who can Make a Difference?. Employee Relations. 42(4): 845-861. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-04-2018-0099
Gilbert, Alan and Josef Gugler. 1996. Urbanization and Poverty in the Third World. Yogyakarta. Tiara Wacana.
Guiterrez-Martinez, I and Olivas-Lujan, M. . 2019. Managing Workplace Inequality in Mexico: An Analysis of Gender, Age, and (Dis)Ability Status. Diversity within Diversity Management (Advanced Series in Management..Emerald Publishing Limited. 22: 175–195. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1877-636120190000022010
Hasbullah Thabrany. 2015. Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Rajawali Press.
Hussain, A. H. M. B., & Endut, N. 2018. Do Decent Working Conditions Contribute to Work–life Balance: A Study of Small Enterprises in Bangladesh. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. 12(1): 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-04-2018-045
ILO. 1999. Decent Work. Proseeding. International Labour Conference.
ILO. 2013. Decent Work Indicators: Guidelines for Producers and Users of Statistical and Legal Framework Indicators. Proseeding. International Labour Conference.
Junaid, D., He, Z., Yadav, A., & Asare-Kyire, L. 2019. Whether Analogue Countries Exhibit Similar Women Entrepreneurial Activities?. Management Decision. 58(4): 759-772. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2018-0681
Khan, S. I., Bartram, T., Cavanagh, J., Hossain, M. S., & Akter, S. 2019. “Decent Work” in the Ready-made Garment Sector in Bangladesh: The Role for Ethical Human Resource Management, Trade Unions and Situated Moral Agency. Personnel Review. 48(1): 40-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-01-2018-0001
Kolot, A., & Herasymenko, O. 2017. A deficit of Decent Work as a Current Trend in the Development of Social and Labor Sphere in Ukraine. Knowledge and Performance Management. 14(1): 5-18. https://di.org/10.25161/kpm.1(1).01
Mahapatro, S. 2019. Female Employment in India: Determinants of Choice of Sector of Activity. Journal of Economic Studies. 46(3): 748-759 https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-04-2017-0108
Mellner, C., Kecklund, G., Kompier, M., Sariaslan, A., & Aronsson, G. 2016. Boundaryless Work, Psychological Detachment and Sleep: Does Working “Anytime” Anywhere’ Equal Employees are “always on”? New Ways of Working Practices. Advance Series in Management. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 16: 29-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1877-636120160000016003
Munkner, H. H. dan T. W. 2001. Sektor Informal Sumber Pendapatan Bagi Kaum Miskin, dalam Menggempur Akar-Akar Kemiskinan. Jakarta. Yakoma PGI.
Ordine, P., Rose, G, and Vella, G. 2019. Employement Protection and Gender gap; Evidence From a Reform of the Italian Labor Market Regulation System. International Journal of Manpower. 41(1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-12-2018-0400
Palumbo, R. And Manna, R. 2019. A portrait of Workplace Discrimination in Italy: Empirical Evidence From a Nationwide Survey. Evidence-Based HRM. 8(1): 92–112. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-03-2019-0029
Pereira, SA., dos Santos, NR. And Pais, L. 2019. Decent Works Contribution to the Economy for the Common Good. International Jurnal of Organization Analysis. 28(3): 579–593. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-07-2019-1840
Pfau-Effinger, B. 2017. Informal Employment in the Poor European Periphery. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. 37(7/8): 387-399. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-07-20160080
Roomi, M.A, Rehman, S. And Henry, C. 2018. Exploring the Normatif Context for Women’s Entrepreneurship in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. 10(2): 158–180. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJGE-03-2018-0019
Sadono Sukirno. 2005. Makro Ekonomi. Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta. PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sethuraman. 1981. The Urban Informal Sector in Developing Countries. ILO.
Todaro. M. P. & Smith, S. 2011. Pembangunan Ekonomi. Jakarta. Erlangga.
Trentini, C. 2016. Labor Market and Wage Dispersion. Ineaquality After the 20th Century: Paper from the Sixth ECINEQ Meeting. (Research on Economi Inequality). Emerald Publishing Limited. 83–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1049-258520160000024005
Walgito, B. 1990. Psikologi Sosial. Yogyakarta. Penerbit Andi.
Williams, C.C. and Horodnic, A. V. 2019. Why is Informal Employment More Common in Some Countries? An exploratory Analisys of112 countries. Employment Relations. 41(6): 1434–1450. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-10-2018-0285
Keputusan Mentri No. 102 Tahun 2004 pasal 3 tentang waktu kerja lembur dan upah kerja lembur
Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No 7 Tahun 2003
Undang - Undang Republika Indonesia No 13 Tahun 2003, Pasal 1 Ayat 3. Tentang Ketenagakerjaan
Undang - Undang Republika Indonesia No 13 Tahun 2003, pasal 88. Tentang Ketenagakerjaan
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