Free & Open Indo-Pasific Sebagai Grand Strategy as Dalam Peningkatan Perekonomian PNG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31849/niara.v17i2.23153Keywords:
Free and Open Indo Pasific, Papua Nugini, Amerika Serikat, Kepentingan Nasional, LiberalismeAbstract
Free and Open Indo-Pasific merupakan grand strategy Amerika Serikat, yang bertujuan agar antar masyarakat dan pemerintah memiliki visi yang selaras terkait Indo-Pasifik yang sama dalam perdamaian, stabilitas, serta wilayah yang bebas dan terbuka. Penulis melihat bahwa FOIP memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan perekonomian pada tahun 2022 yang disebabkan oleh hubungan bilateral antar AS-PNG. Hubungan ekonomi bilateral yang terjalin antara AS-PNG tidak hanya membantu kestabilan perekonomian PNG tetapi juga menjadi investasi bagi masa depan AS dikarenakan posisi strategis dan potensi besar yang dimiliki oleh PNG. Maka dari itu, penulis menggunakan konsep kepentingan nasional dan liberalisme. Dengan Teknik pengambilan data sekunder dan metode penelitian kualitatif, tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana Free and Open Indo Pasific sebagai grand strategy Amerika Serikat, dapat meningkatkan stabilitas perekonomian di Papua Nugini.
References
[1]. Center of Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). (2022, August 17). Addressing Fragility in Papua New Guinea. Www.csis.org. https://www.csis.org/analysis/addressing-fragility-papua-new-guinea
[2]. CNN Indonesia. (2023, June 16). Papua Nugini Beri Akses Pangkalan untuk Kapal dan Pasukan Militer AS. Internasional. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20230616102223-113-962671/papua-nugini-beri-akses-pangkalan-untuk-kapal-dan-pasukan-militer-as
[3]. Couloumbis, T. A., & Wolfe, J. H. (1978). Introduction to international relations : power and justice. Prentice-Hall.
[4]. Dr. H. Zuchri Abdussamad, S.I.K., M.Si. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. CV. Syakir Media Press.https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=JtKREAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=metode+penelitian+kualitatif&ots=vCLzvYY5V_&sig=YlTde6nscbmRHEjaGo5ZcIt7C-8&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=metode%20penelitian%20kualitatif&f=false
[5]. International Trade Administration. (2024, January 11). Papua New Guinea - Market Challenges. Www.trade.gov. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/papua-new-guinea-market-challenges
[6]. Lembaga Dana Kerja Sama Pembangunan Internasional. (2024). Papua Nugini. Kemenkeu.go.id. https://ldkpi.kemenkeu.go.id/page/profile-papua-nugini
[7]. Malawer, S. S. (2021). Biden, National Security, Law & Global Trade: Less Subterfuge & More Strategy in the New Era of Crisis. China and WTO Review, 7(1), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.14330/cwr.2021.7.1.09
[8]. Mardiana, V. (2021). Krisis Doklam dan Kepentingan Nasional India. Review of International Relations, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.24252/rir.v2i2.17966
[9]. Ministry of Defense. (2020, July). Japan Ministry of Defense. Japan Ministry of Defense. https://www.mod.go.jp/en/d_act/exc/india_pacific/india_pacific-id.html
[10]. The White House. (2022, September 29). FACT SHEET: Roadmap for a 21st-Century U.S.-Pacific Island Partnership. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/29/fact-sheet-roadmap-for-a-21st-century-u-s-pacific-island-partnership/
[11]. The White House. (2022). INDO-PACIFIC strategy of the United States. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/U.S.-Indo-Pacific-Strategy.pdf
[12]. The White House. (2022c). National Security Strategy. In whitehouse.gov (pp. 1–48). The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Biden-Harris-Administrations-National-Security-Strategy-10.2022.pdf
[13]. The World Bank. (2019). Slower Growth, Better Prospects for Papua New Guinea Economy. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2019/02/05/slower-growth-better-prospects-for-papua-new-guinea-economy
[14]. The World Bank. (2020, February 7). Papua New Guinea – Facing Economic Headwinds. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/png/publication/papua-new-guinea---facing-economic-headwinds
[15]. United States Institute of Peace. (2023, December 21). Deepening the U.S.-Papua New Guinea Relationship. United States Institute of Peace. https://www.usip.org/publications/2023/12/deepening-us-papua-new-guinea-relationship
[16]. United States Institute of Peace. “Two Years Later, What Has the Indo-Pacific Strategy Achieved?” United States Institute of Peace, 15 Feb. 2024, www.usip.org/publications/2024/02/two-years-later-what-has-indo-pacific-strategy-achieved. Accessed 27 Mar. 2024.
[17]. U.S Department of State. (2020, January 21). U.S. Relations With Papua New Guinea. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/u-s-relations-with-papua-new-guinea/
[18]. U.S Department of State. (2023, May 21). Deepening U.S. Partnership with Papua New Guinea. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/deepening-u-s-partnership-with-papua-new-guinea/
[19]. U.S. Department of States. (2023). 2023 Investment Climate Statements: Papua New Guinea. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-investment-climate-statements/papua-new-guinea/
[20]. Valencia, M. (2018, March 30). What Does a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” Actually Mean? Thediplomat.com. https://thediplomat.com/2018/03/what-does-a-free-and-open-indo-pacific-actually-mean/
[21]. Waltz, K. N. (2010). Theory of International Politics. Waveland Press. (Original work published 1979)
[22]. Yani, Y. M., & Lusiana, E. (2018). SOFT POWER DAN SOFT DIPLOMACY. Jurnal Tapis: Jurnal Teropong Aspirasi Politik Islam, 14(2), 48–65. https://doi.org/10.24042/tps.v14i2.3165
[2]. CNN Indonesia. (2023, June 16). Papua Nugini Beri Akses Pangkalan untuk Kapal dan Pasukan Militer AS. Internasional. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20230616102223-113-962671/papua-nugini-beri-akses-pangkalan-untuk-kapal-dan-pasukan-militer-as
[3]. Couloumbis, T. A., & Wolfe, J. H. (1978). Introduction to international relations : power and justice. Prentice-Hall.
[4]. Dr. H. Zuchri Abdussamad, S.I.K., M.Si. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. CV. Syakir Media Press.https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=JtKREAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=metode+penelitian+kualitatif&ots=vCLzvYY5V_&sig=YlTde6nscbmRHEjaGo5ZcIt7C-8&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=metode%20penelitian%20kualitatif&f=false
[5]. International Trade Administration. (2024, January 11). Papua New Guinea - Market Challenges. Www.trade.gov. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/papua-new-guinea-market-challenges
[6]. Lembaga Dana Kerja Sama Pembangunan Internasional. (2024). Papua Nugini. Kemenkeu.go.id. https://ldkpi.kemenkeu.go.id/page/profile-papua-nugini
[7]. Malawer, S. S. (2021). Biden, National Security, Law & Global Trade: Less Subterfuge & More Strategy in the New Era of Crisis. China and WTO Review, 7(1), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.14330/cwr.2021.7.1.09
[8]. Mardiana, V. (2021). Krisis Doklam dan Kepentingan Nasional India. Review of International Relations, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.24252/rir.v2i2.17966
[9]. Ministry of Defense. (2020, July). Japan Ministry of Defense. Japan Ministry of Defense. https://www.mod.go.jp/en/d_act/exc/india_pacific/india_pacific-id.html
[10]. The White House. (2022, September 29). FACT SHEET: Roadmap for a 21st-Century U.S.-Pacific Island Partnership. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/09/29/fact-sheet-roadmap-for-a-21st-century-u-s-pacific-island-partnership/
[11]. The White House. (2022). INDO-PACIFIC strategy of the United States. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/U.S.-Indo-Pacific-Strategy.pdf
[12]. The White House. (2022c). National Security Strategy. In whitehouse.gov (pp. 1–48). The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Biden-Harris-Administrations-National-Security-Strategy-10.2022.pdf
[13]. The World Bank. (2019). Slower Growth, Better Prospects for Papua New Guinea Economy. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2019/02/05/slower-growth-better-prospects-for-papua-new-guinea-economy
[14]. The World Bank. (2020, February 7). Papua New Guinea – Facing Economic Headwinds. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/png/publication/papua-new-guinea---facing-economic-headwinds
[15]. United States Institute of Peace. (2023, December 21). Deepening the U.S.-Papua New Guinea Relationship. United States Institute of Peace. https://www.usip.org/publications/2023/12/deepening-us-papua-new-guinea-relationship
[16]. United States Institute of Peace. “Two Years Later, What Has the Indo-Pacific Strategy Achieved?” United States Institute of Peace, 15 Feb. 2024, www.usip.org/publications/2024/02/two-years-later-what-has-indo-pacific-strategy-achieved. Accessed 27 Mar. 2024.
[17]. U.S Department of State. (2020, January 21). U.S. Relations With Papua New Guinea. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/u-s-relations-with-papua-new-guinea/
[18]. U.S Department of State. (2023, May 21). Deepening U.S. Partnership with Papua New Guinea. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/deepening-u-s-partnership-with-papua-new-guinea/
[19]. U.S. Department of States. (2023). 2023 Investment Climate Statements: Papua New Guinea. United States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-investment-climate-statements/papua-new-guinea/
[20]. Valencia, M. (2018, March 30). What Does a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” Actually Mean? Thediplomat.com. https://thediplomat.com/2018/03/what-does-a-free-and-open-indo-pacific-actually-mean/
[21]. Waltz, K. N. (2010). Theory of International Politics. Waveland Press. (Original work published 1979)
[22]. Yani, Y. M., & Lusiana, E. (2018). SOFT POWER DAN SOFT DIPLOMACY. Jurnal Tapis: Jurnal Teropong Aspirasi Politik Islam, 14(2), 48–65. https://doi.org/10.24042/tps.v14i2.3165
Downloads
Published
2024-09-26
Issue
Section
Articles
How to Cite
Free & Open Indo-Pasific Sebagai Grand Strategy as Dalam Peningkatan Perekonomian PNG. (2024). Jurnal Niara, 17(2), 506-514. https://doi.org/10.31849/niara.v17i2.23153
