Pengaruh Perilaku Pemberdayaan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Guru Dengan Resiliensi Sebagai Mediasi
Keywords:
Perilaku Pemberdayaan Kepemimpinan, Kesejanteraan Guru, Resiliensi
Abstract
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Guru di SMPN 1 Siak, SMPN 2 Siak, SMPN 3 Siak, SMPN 4 Siak di Kecamatan Siak Kabupaten Siak dengan tujuan menguji hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku pemberdayaan kepemimpinan dan kesejahteraan psikologi guru ditingkat menengah, yakni pentingnya pemberdayaan kepemimpinan mempengaruhi resiliensi terhadap kesejahterahaan guru. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 99 guru, penulis menggunakan sampel jenuh dimana seluruh populasi menjadi sampel. Analisa data penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis verifikatif, sebagai alat analisis digunakan Sctruktural Equational Model yang diproses dengan Software Smart PLS2. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa pada Guru di SMPN 1 Siak, SMPN 2 Siak, SMPN 3 Siak, SMPN 4 Siak di Kecamatan Siak Kabupaten Siak, a) Terdapat hubungan antara perilaku pemberdayaan kepemimpinan terhadap kesejahteraan guru ditingkat sekolah menengah dikecamatan Siak; b) Resiliensi mampu memediasi pengaruh pemberdayaan kepemimpinan terhadap kesejahteraan guru.
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References
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Aelterman, A., Engels, N., Van Petegem, K., & Verhaeghe, J.P. (2007). The wellbeing of teachers in Flanders: The importance of a supportive school culture. Educational Studies, 33(3), 285- 297.
Ahearne M., Mathieu J., & Rapp A. (2005). To empower or not to empower your sales force? An empirical examination of the influence of leadership empowerment behavior on customer satisfaction and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 945–955. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.945 PMID: 16162066
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Amundsen, S. and Martinsen, Ø.L. (2014), “Empowering leadership: construct clarification, conceptualization, and validation of a new scale”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 487-511
Arikunto, S. 2013. Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Beltman, S., Mansfield, C., & Price, A. (2011). Thriving not just surviving: A review of research on teacher resilience. Educational Research Review, 6(3), 185–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2011.09.001
Bricheno, P., Brown, S., & Lubansky, R. (2009). Teacher wellbeing: A review of the evidence. Teacher Support Network, p.55.
Bullough, R. V., & Pinnegar, S. (2009). The happiness of teaching (as eudaimonia): Disciplinary knowledge and the threat of performativity. Teachers and Teaching, 15 (2), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540600902875324
Buri´c, I., Sliˇskovi´c, A., & Penezi´c, Z. (2019). Understanding teacher well-being: A cross-lagged analysis of burnout, negative student-related emotions, psychopathological symptoms, and resilience. Educational Psychology, 39(9), 1136–1155.
Cameron, M., & Lovett, S. (2015). Sustaining the commitment and realising the potential of highly promising teachers. Teachers and Teaching, 21(2), 150–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2014.928132
Carvalho V. S., Chambel M. J., Neto M., & Lopes S. (2018). Does work-family conflict mediate the associations of job characteristics with employees’ mental health among men and women? Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00966 PMID: 29951024
Cheong, M., Spain, S.M., Yammarino, F.J. and Yun, S. (2016), “Two faces of empowering leadership: enabling and burdening”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 27 No. 4, pp. 602-616.
Collie, R. J., Shapka, J. D., Perry, N. E., & Martin, A. J. (2015). Teacher Well-Being. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 33(8), 744–756. doi: 10.1177/0734282915587990
Collie, R.J., Shapka, J.D., & Perry, N.E. (2012). School climate and social–emotional learning: Predicting teacher stress, job satisfaction, and teaching efficacy. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104, 1189-1204. Http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0029356
Conger J., & Kanungo R. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482
Creemers, B. P. M., & Reezigt, G. J. (1996). School level conditions affecting the effectiveness of instruction. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 7(3), 197–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/0924345960070301
Day C., Q. et al. (2007), Teachers matter: Connecting work, lives and effectiveness, Open University Press, Berkshire, England.
Duckworth et al., 2009 Seligman Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4 (6) (2009), pp. 540-547, 10.1080/17439760903157232
Duckworth, A.L., Quinn, P.D., & Seligman, M.E.P. (2009). Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 540-547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760903157232
Fong K.H., & Snape E. (2015). Empowering Leadership, Psychological Empowerment, and Employee Outcomes: Testing a Multi-level Mediating Model. British Journal of Management, 26, 126–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.1204818
Geving, A.M. (2007). Identifying the types of student and teacher behaviours associated with teacher stress. Teaching and Teacher Education, 23, 624-640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2007.02.006
Ghozali, Imam. 2013. Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 21. Edisi 7. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, Imam., dan Latan, H., 2015, Partial Least Squares: Konsep, Teknik, dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program Smart PLS 3.0 (2nd Ed.). Semarang : Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
Gray, C., Wilcox, G., & Nordstokke, D. (2017). Teacher mental health, school climate, inclusive education and student learning: A review. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 58(3), 203–210.
Hakimi N., Van Knippenberg D., & Giessner S. (2010). Leader empowering behavior: The leader’s perspective. British Journal of Management, 21(3), 701–716, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2010.00703
Handayani, Ririn. 2020. Metodologi Penelitian Sosial. Yogyakarta: Trussmedia Grafika
Houghton, J.D. and Yoho, S.K. (2005), “Toward a contingency model of leadership and psychological empowerment: when should self-leadership be encouraged?”, Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, Vol. 11 No. 4, pp. 65-83.
Humborstad, S.I.W., Nerstad, C.G.L. and Dysvik, A. (2014), “Empowering leadership, employee goal orientations and work performance: a competing hypothesis approach”, Personnel Review, Vol. 43 No. 2, pp. 246-271.
Huppert F.A. (2009). Psychological well-being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2), 137–164.
Husein, Ananda Sabil., 2015, Penelitian Bisnis dan Manajemen Menggunakan Partial Least Squares (PLS) dengan Smart PLS 3.0, Modul Ajar Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Unversitas Brawijaya.
Ingersoll, R.M., & May, H. (2012). The magnitude, destinations, and determinants of mathematics and science teacher turnover. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 34, 435-464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373712454326
Konczak L.J., Stelly D.J., & Trusty M.L. (2000). Defining and measuring empowerment leader behaviors: Development of an upward feedback instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60(2), 301−313
Kontoghiorghes C. (2014). Transfer of learning in organizations. New York: Springer.
Lyubomirsky S., King L. A., & Diener E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803–855. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803 PMID: 16351326
McCallum, F. et al. (2017), Teacher Wellbeing: A review of the literature, Association of Independent Schools of NSW, Sydney, https://apo.org.au/node/80304.
Pakarinen, E., Kiuru, N., Lerkkanen, M., Poikkeus, A., Siekkien, M., & Nurmi, J. (2010). Classroom organization and teacher stress predict learning motivation in kindergarten children. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 25, 281-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10212-010-0025-6
Panaccio A., & Vandenberghe C. (2009). Perceived organizational support, organizational commitment and psychological well-being: a longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(2), 224–236.
Parker, P. D., Martin, A. J., Colmar, S., & Liem, G. A. (2012). Teachers’ workplace well-being: Exploring a process model of goal orientation, coping behavior, engagement, and burnout. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(4), 503–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.01.001
Raub S., & Robert C. (2010). Differential effects of empowering leadership on in-role and extra-role employee behaviors: Exploring the role of psychological empowerment and power values. Human Relations, 63(11), 1743–1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726710365092
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2011). A self determination theory perspective on social, institutional, cultural, and economic supports for autonomy and their importance for well-being. In Valery I., Chirkov, Richard M. Ryan, & Kennon
Slatten, T., Svensson, G. and Sværi, S. (2011), “Empowering leadership and the influence of a humorous work climate on service employees’ creativity and innovative behaviour in frontline service jobs”, International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 267-284.
Suleman Q, Syed MA, Shehzad S, Hussain I, Khattak AZ, Khan IU, Amjid M, Khan I. Leadership empowering behaviour as a predictor of employees' psychological well-being: Evidence from a cross-sectional study among secondary school teachers in Kohat Division, Pakistan. PLoS One. 2021 Jul 22;16(7):e0254576. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254576. PMID: 34292950; PMCID: PMC8297779.
Sutton and Wheatley, 2003. Teachers' emotions and teaching: A review of the literature and directions for future research Educational Psychology Review, 15 (4) (2003), pp. 327-358, 10.1023/A:1026131715856
Van Horn, J. et al. (2010), “The structure of occupational well-being: A study among Dutch teachers”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 77/3, pp. 365–375, http://www.wilmarschaufeli.nl/publications/Schaufeli/212.pdf (accessed on 12 March 2018).
Viac, C., & Fraser, P. (2020). Teachers’ well-being: A framework for data collection and analysis. In OECD: Education working papers No. 213. Paris: OECD.
Wiyono, Gendro. 2011. Merancang Penelitian Bisnis dengan alat analisis SPSS 17.0 & Smart PLS 2.0. Yogyakarta: UPP STI YKPN
Wright T.A. (2010). The role of employee wellbeing in organizational research. In Linley P.A., Harrington S. & Garcea N. (eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology and work (pp. 143–154). New York, USA: Oxford University Press.
Yaden DB, Claydon J, Bathgate M, Platt B, Santos LR (2021) Teaching well-being at scale: An intervention study. PLoS ONE 16(4): e0249193. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249193
Yin, H., Huang, S., & Lv, L. (2018). A multilevel analysis of job characteristics, emotion regulation, and teacher well-being: A Job Demands-Resources Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(NOV), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02395
Youssef C.M., & Luthans F. (2012). Positive global leadership. Journal of World Business, 47(4), 539–547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2012.01.007
Zakaria, et al., 2020. Teachers’ well-being from the social psychological perspective. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2021, pp. 641~647. ISSN: 2252-8822, DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v10i2.21115
Aelterman, A., Engels, N., Van Petegem, K., & Verhaeghe, J.P. (2007). The wellbeing of teachers in Flanders: The importance of a supportive school culture. Educational Studies, 33(3), 285- 297.
Ahearne M., Mathieu J., & Rapp A. (2005). To empower or not to empower your sales force? An empirical examination of the influence of leadership empowerment behavior on customer satisfaction and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 945–955. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.945 PMID: 16162066
Amundsen, S. (2019), Empowerment i arbeidslivet—Et myndiggjøringsperspektiv pa ledelse, selvledelseog medarbeiderskap, Cappelen Damm Akademisk, Oslo, English translation of title: Empowerment at work – an empowerment based vie won leadership, self-leadership and employeeship
Amundsen, S. and Martinsen, Ø.L. (2014), “Empowering leadership: construct clarification, conceptualization, and validation of a new scale”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 487-511
Arikunto, S. 2013. Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Beltman, S., Mansfield, C., & Price, A. (2011). Thriving not just surviving: A review of research on teacher resilience. Educational Research Review, 6(3), 185–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2011.09.001
Bricheno, P., Brown, S., & Lubansky, R. (2009). Teacher wellbeing: A review of the evidence. Teacher Support Network, p.55.
Bullough, R. V., & Pinnegar, S. (2009). The happiness of teaching (as eudaimonia): Disciplinary knowledge and the threat of performativity. Teachers and Teaching, 15 (2), 241–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540600902875324
Buri´c, I., Sliˇskovi´c, A., & Penezi´c, Z. (2019). Understanding teacher well-being: A cross-lagged analysis of burnout, negative student-related emotions, psychopathological symptoms, and resilience. Educational Psychology, 39(9), 1136–1155.
Cameron, M., & Lovett, S. (2015). Sustaining the commitment and realising the potential of highly promising teachers. Teachers and Teaching, 21(2), 150–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2014.928132
Carvalho V. S., Chambel M. J., Neto M., & Lopes S. (2018). Does work-family conflict mediate the associations of job characteristics with employees’ mental health among men and women? Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00966 PMID: 29951024
Cheong, M., Spain, S.M., Yammarino, F.J. and Yun, S. (2016), “Two faces of empowering leadership: enabling and burdening”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 27 No. 4, pp. 602-616.
Collie, R. J., Shapka, J. D., Perry, N. E., & Martin, A. J. (2015). Teacher Well-Being. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 33(8), 744–756. doi: 10.1177/0734282915587990
Collie, R.J., Shapka, J.D., & Perry, N.E. (2012). School climate and social–emotional learning: Predicting teacher stress, job satisfaction, and teaching efficacy. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104, 1189-1204. Http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0029356
Conger J., & Kanungo R. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482
Creemers, B. P. M., & Reezigt, G. J. (1996). School level conditions affecting the effectiveness of instruction. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 7(3), 197–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/0924345960070301
Day C., Q. et al. (2007), Teachers matter: Connecting work, lives and effectiveness, Open University Press, Berkshire, England.
Duckworth et al., 2009 Seligman Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4 (6) (2009), pp. 540-547, 10.1080/17439760903157232
Duckworth, A.L., Quinn, P.D., & Seligman, M.E.P. (2009). Positive predictors of teacher effectiveness. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 540-547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760903157232
Fong K.H., & Snape E. (2015). Empowering Leadership, Psychological Empowerment, and Employee Outcomes: Testing a Multi-level Mediating Model. British Journal of Management, 26, 126–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.1204818
Geving, A.M. (2007). Identifying the types of student and teacher behaviours associated with teacher stress. Teaching and Teacher Education, 23, 624-640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2007.02.006
Ghozali, Imam. 2013. Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 21. Edisi 7. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, Imam., dan Latan, H., 2015, Partial Least Squares: Konsep, Teknik, dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program Smart PLS 3.0 (2nd Ed.). Semarang : Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
Gray, C., Wilcox, G., & Nordstokke, D. (2017). Teacher mental health, school climate, inclusive education and student learning: A review. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 58(3), 203–210.
Hakimi N., Van Knippenberg D., & Giessner S. (2010). Leader empowering behavior: The leader’s perspective. British Journal of Management, 21(3), 701–716, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2010.00703
Handayani, Ririn. 2020. Metodologi Penelitian Sosial. Yogyakarta: Trussmedia Grafika
Houghton, J.D. and Yoho, S.K. (2005), “Toward a contingency model of leadership and psychological empowerment: when should self-leadership be encouraged?”, Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, Vol. 11 No. 4, pp. 65-83.
Humborstad, S.I.W., Nerstad, C.G.L. and Dysvik, A. (2014), “Empowering leadership, employee goal orientations and work performance: a competing hypothesis approach”, Personnel Review, Vol. 43 No. 2, pp. 246-271.
Huppert F.A. (2009). Psychological well-being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2), 137–164.
Husein, Ananda Sabil., 2015, Penelitian Bisnis dan Manajemen Menggunakan Partial Least Squares (PLS) dengan Smart PLS 3.0, Modul Ajar Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Unversitas Brawijaya.
Ingersoll, R.M., & May, H. (2012). The magnitude, destinations, and determinants of mathematics and science teacher turnover. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 34, 435-464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0162373712454326
Konczak L.J., Stelly D.J., & Trusty M.L. (2000). Defining and measuring empowerment leader behaviors: Development of an upward feedback instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60(2), 301−313
Kontoghiorghes C. (2014). Transfer of learning in organizations. New York: Springer.
Lyubomirsky S., King L. A., & Diener E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803–855. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803 PMID: 16351326
McCallum, F. et al. (2017), Teacher Wellbeing: A review of the literature, Association of Independent Schools of NSW, Sydney, https://apo.org.au/node/80304.
Pakarinen, E., Kiuru, N., Lerkkanen, M., Poikkeus, A., Siekkien, M., & Nurmi, J. (2010). Classroom organization and teacher stress predict learning motivation in kindergarten children. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 25, 281-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10212-010-0025-6
Panaccio A., & Vandenberghe C. (2009). Perceived organizational support, organizational commitment and psychological well-being: a longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(2), 224–236.
Parker, P. D., Martin, A. J., Colmar, S., & Liem, G. A. (2012). Teachers’ workplace well-being: Exploring a process model of goal orientation, coping behavior, engagement, and burnout. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(4), 503–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.01.001
Raub S., & Robert C. (2010). Differential effects of empowering leadership on in-role and extra-role employee behaviors: Exploring the role of psychological empowerment and power values. Human Relations, 63(11), 1743–1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726710365092
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2011). A self determination theory perspective on social, institutional, cultural, and economic supports for autonomy and their importance for well-being. In Valery I., Chirkov, Richard M. Ryan, & Kennon
Slatten, T., Svensson, G. and Sværi, S. (2011), “Empowering leadership and the influence of a humorous work climate on service employees’ creativity and innovative behaviour in frontline service jobs”, International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 267-284.
Suleman Q, Syed MA, Shehzad S, Hussain I, Khattak AZ, Khan IU, Amjid M, Khan I. Leadership empowering behaviour as a predictor of employees' psychological well-being: Evidence from a cross-sectional study among secondary school teachers in Kohat Division, Pakistan. PLoS One. 2021 Jul 22;16(7):e0254576. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254576. PMID: 34292950; PMCID: PMC8297779.
Sutton and Wheatley, 2003. Teachers' emotions and teaching: A review of the literature and directions for future research Educational Psychology Review, 15 (4) (2003), pp. 327-358, 10.1023/A:1026131715856
Van Horn, J. et al. (2010), “The structure of occupational well-being: A study among Dutch teachers”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 77/3, pp. 365–375, http://www.wilmarschaufeli.nl/publications/Schaufeli/212.pdf (accessed on 12 March 2018).
Viac, C., & Fraser, P. (2020). Teachers’ well-being: A framework for data collection and analysis. In OECD: Education working papers No. 213. Paris: OECD.
Wiyono, Gendro. 2011. Merancang Penelitian Bisnis dengan alat analisis SPSS 17.0 & Smart PLS 2.0. Yogyakarta: UPP STI YKPN
Wright T.A. (2010). The role of employee wellbeing in organizational research. In Linley P.A., Harrington S. & Garcea N. (eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology and work (pp. 143–154). New York, USA: Oxford University Press.
Yaden DB, Claydon J, Bathgate M, Platt B, Santos LR (2021) Teaching well-being at scale: An intervention study. PLoS ONE 16(4): e0249193. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249193
Yin, H., Huang, S., & Lv, L. (2018). A multilevel analysis of job characteristics, emotion regulation, and teacher well-being: A Job Demands-Resources Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(NOV), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02395
Youssef C.M., & Luthans F. (2012). Positive global leadership. Journal of World Business, 47(4), 539–547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2012.01.007
Zakaria, et al., 2020. Teachers’ well-being from the social psychological perspective. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2021, pp. 641~647. ISSN: 2252-8822, DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v10i2.21115
Published
2023-06-13
How to Cite
Syafni Yanti, Adolf Bastian, & Nurfaisal. (2023). Pengaruh Perilaku Pemberdayaan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Guru Dengan Resiliensi Sebagai Mediasi . Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis Terapan, 5(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.31849/jmbt.v5i1.14438
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Articles
