Perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih jati (Tectona grandis Linn. f) dalam merespon perbedaan konsentrasi dan perlakuan waktu perendaman benih dalam asam klorida

  • Rulia Ervina Dewi Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Florentina Kusmiyati Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Syaiful Anwar Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Keywords: teak, seed dormancy, seed germination, chemical inhibitors, acid scarification

Abstract

Teak is a wood-producing plant that is in great demand by the community. However, teak seeds are challenging to germinate due to dormancy, so special treatment is needed before planting. This research aimed to determine the effect of hydrochloric acid and soaking time on breaking the dormancy of teak seed to improve its viability. The first factor was the concentration of hydrochloric acid with four treatment levels, i.e., 0 M, 0.5 M, 1 M, and 1.5 M. The second factor was submerging time which was 12, 18, and 24 hours. Parameters observed included the percentage of germination, maximum growth potential, vigor index, germination rate, growth simultaneity, plant height, number of leaves, and wide leaf. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and followed the DMRT test with a level of 5%. The results showed that hydrochloric acid significantly affected the percentage of germination, maximum growth potential, vigor index, germination rate, growth simultaneity, plant height, and width of the leaf. In addition, soaking time treatment had a significant effect on the wide leaf. The research concluded that hydrochloric acid 0.5 M and 12 hours of soaking time increased the growth of teak seed compared to the control by 29.64% on a percentage of germination, 29% on germination rate, and 41.66% on growth simultaneity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agurahe, L., Rampe, H. L., & Mantiri, F. R. (2019). Pematahan dormansi benih pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) menggunakan hormon giberalin. Pharmacon, 8(1), 30-40. https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.8.2019.29232.

Arif, T. H. N., Erida, G., & Hasanuddin, H. (2020). Pengaruh ekstrak daun jati (Tectona grandis Lf) dan giberelin (GA3) terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih mucuna (Mucuna bracteata DC). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 5(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v5i1.13650.

Dethan, I. Y., Solle, H. R. L., & Hendrik, A. C. (2020). Pengaruh skarifikasi kimia terhadap perkecambahan benih jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.). Jurnal Saintek Lahan Kering, 3(2), 47-50. https://doi.org/10.32938/slk.v3i2.1224.

Djamhuri, E., & Hasmaliah, Y. (2014). Dormancy broken of bintaro seed (Cerbera manghas Linn.). Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, 5(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.29244/j-siltrop.5.1.%25p.

Dolu, H. S., Solle, H. R., & Hendrik, A. C. (2019). Pengaruh pematahan dormansi terhadap daya kecambah benih cendana (Santalum album L.). Cokroaminoto Journal of Biological Science, 1(1), 12-16.

Elpawati., Nugraha, A. T., & Piraminata, A. L. (2018). Risiko Produksi Bibit Jati dan Penerapan Teknologi Propagasi Tanaman Jati secara Kultur Ex Vitro. Yayasan Bio Mind, Bandung.

Hidayat, T., & Marjani. (2019). Teknik pematahan dormansi dua aksesi benih kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) untuk meningkatkan daya berkecambah benih. Jurnal Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri, 10(2), 72-81.

Imansari, F., & Haryanti. (2017). Pengaruh konsentrasi hcl terhadap laju perkecambahan biji asam jawa (Tamarindus indica L.). Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi, 2(2), 187-192. https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.2.2.2017.187-192.

Khemakhem, B., Fendri, I., Dahech, I., Belghuith, K., Kammoun, R., & Mejdoub, H. (2013). Purification and characterization of a maltogenic amylase from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds using the Box Benkhen Design (BBD). Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 334-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.019.

Kurniawan, A. (2018). Pengaruh lama perendaman dan konsentrasi hormon ga3 terhadap pertumbuhan benih jati di persemaian. Hexagro Journal, 2(2), 19-29.

Lal, S., N. Ahmed., Srivastava, K. K., & Sing, D. B. (2015). Olive (Olea europaea L.) seed germination as affected by different scarification treatments. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(35), 3570-3574. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.10224.

Mahfudz, Fauzi, M.A., Yuliah, Herawan, T., Prastyono., & Supriyanto, H. (2003). Sekilas tentang Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.). Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan. Yogyakarta.

Marian, E., & Tuhuteru, S. (2019). Pemanfaatan limbah cair tahu sebagai pupuk organik cair pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi putih (Brasica pekinensis). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 17(2), 134-144. https://doi.org/10.32528/agritrop.v17i2.2663.

Marthen, M., Kaya, E., & Rehatta, H. (2018). Pengaruh perlakuan pencelupan dan perendaman terhadap perkecambahan benih sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L.). Jurnal Agrologia, 2(1), 10-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/a.v2i1.273.

Mpapa, B. L. (2016). Analisis kesuburan tanah tempat tumbuh pohon jati (Tectona grandis L.) pada ketinggian yang berbeda. Jurnal Agrista, 20(3), 135-139.

Nurmiati, N., Darmawan, D., & Rahim, I. (2018). Pertumbuhan jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dengan aplikasi perendaman biji dan dosis nitrogen. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (pp. 172-178). Parepare: Yayasan Pendidikan dan Research Indonesia.

Omokhua, G. E., & Alex, A. (2015). Improvement on teak (Tectona Grandis Linn F.) germination for large scale afforestation in Nigeria. Nature and Science, 13, 68-73.

Rahmawati, A. S., & Erina, R. (2020). Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan uji anova dua jalur. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 4(1), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.37478/optika.v4i1.333.

Ramadhani, S., Haryati, H., & Ginting, J. (2015). Pengaruh perlakuan pematahan dormansi secara kimia terhadap viabilitas benih delima (Punica granatum L.). Agroekoteknologi, 3(2), 590-594.

Silalahi, M. (2017). Pengaruh asam kuat, pengamplasan, dan lama perendaman terhadap laju imbibisi dan perkecambahan biji aren (Arenga pinnata). Journal of Biology, 10(2), 73-82.

Soares, G. O. D. S., Leite, R. D. C., Silva, G. D. D., Reis, A. D. S., Soares, J. L. D. S., & Leite, M. R. P. (2017). Methods for overcoming dormancy in teak diaspores. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 47, 384-389. https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632017v4749762.

Srilaba, N., Hardy Purba, J., Ketut, D. I., & Arsana, N. (2018). Pengaruh lama perendaman dan konsentrasi atonik terhadap perkecambahan benih jati (Tectona grandis L.). Jurnal Agro Bali, 1(2), 108-119. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v1i2.400.

Tanjung, S. A., Lahay, R. R., & Mariati. (2017). Pengaruh konsentrasi dan lama perendaman asam sulfat terhadap perkecambahan biji aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.). Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 5(2), 396-408.

Tefa, A. (2017). Uji viabilitas dan vigor benih padi (Oryza sativa L.) selama penyimpanan pada tingkat kadar air yang berbeda. Savana Cendana, 2(3), 48-50. https://doi.org/10.32938/sc.v2i03.210.

Utami, E. P., Santika, E., & Hidayat, C. (2021). The mechanical and chemical scarification to break dormancy and increasing vigor of Sunan candlenut seed. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (pp. 1-7). IOP Publishing.

Utami, S., Panjaitan, S. B., & Musthofhah, Y. (2020). Pematahan dormansi biji sirsak dengan berbagai konsentrasi asam sulfat dan lama perendaman Giberelin. AGRIUM: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 23(1), 42-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30596%2Fagrium.v23i1.5658.

Varela, R. O., & Albornoz, P. L. (2013). Morpho anatomy, imbibition, viability and germination of the seed of Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Fabaceae). Revista de Biologia Tropica, 61(3), 1109-1118.

Waliyansyah, R. R., & Fitriyah, C. (2019). Perbandingan akurasi klasifikasi citra kayu jati menggunakan metode naive bayes dan k-nearest neighbor (k-NN). Jurnal Edukasi dan Penelitian Informatika, 5(2), 157-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jp.v5i2.32473.

Widhityarini, D., Suyadi, M. W., & Purwantoro, A. (2013). Pematahan dormansi benih tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) dengan skarifikasi dan perendaman kalium nitrat. Jurnal Vegetalika, 2(1), 22-33.

Zanzibar, M. (2016). Pendugaan Viabilitas Benih Tanaman Hutan secara Cepat: Prinsip, Metode dan Aplikasinya. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.

Published
2022-09-21
How to Cite
Dewi, R. E., Kusmiyati, F., & Anwar, S. (2022). Perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih jati (Tectona grandis Linn. f) dalam merespon perbedaan konsentrasi dan perlakuan waktu perendaman benih dalam asam klorida. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 19(3), 187-197. https://doi.org/10.31849/jip.v19i3.10512
Section
Original Articles
Abstract viewed = 1622 times
PDF (ID) downloaded = 1786 times